>.aj 


:<^.^ 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


h 


A 


/.. 


A, 


% 
^ 


l£<5 


1.0 


I.I 


1.25 


■so    l"^" 

I  1^  11^ 


2.5 
2.2 


I. 


14    ill  1.6 


<% 


y] 


/a 


.r^^^*.*^ 


^>^ 


o 


rf 


.V^V  ^^^ 


V 


<«> 


r^^ 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  Institut  canadien  de  microreproductions  hi«toriques 

1980 


Technical  Notes  /  Notes  techniques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Physical 
features  of  this  copv  which  may  alter  any  of  the 
images  in  the  repro  auction  are  checked  below. 


D 
D 

D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couvertures  de  couieur 


Coloured  maps/ 

Cartes  giographiques  en  couieur 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  d6color6es.  tachet6es  ou  piqu^es 

Tight  binding  (may  cause  shadows  or 
distortion  along  interior  margin)/ 
Rciiiure  serrd  (peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou 
de  la  distortion  le  long  de  la  marge 
intdrieure) 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  iui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Certain<( 
d^fauts  susceptibles  de  nuire  d  la  quaiitd  de  la 
reproduction  sont  not6s  ci-dessous. 


D 
D 
D 


D 


Coloured  pages/ 
Fages  de  couieur 


Coloured  plates/ 
Planches  en  couieur 


Show  through/ 
Transparence 


Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagdes 


The 
pos) 
of  tl 
film 


The 
con 
orti 
app 

The 
film 
inst 


Mai 
in  o 
upp 
bot 
foll( 


0 


Additional  comments/ 
Commentaires  suppldmentalres 


Original  copy  restored  and  laminated. 


Bibliographic  Notes  /  Notes  bibliographiques 


n 

D 
D 
D 


Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
Relii  avec  d'autres  documents 


Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


Plates  missing/ 

Des  planches  manquent 


D 
D 
D 


Pagination  incorrect/ 
Erreurs  de  pagination 


Pages  missing/ 
Des  pages  manquent 


Maps  missing/ 

Des  cartes  gdographiques  manquent 


Additional  comments/ 
Commentaires  suppl6mentaires 


Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may  appear 
within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these  have 
been  omitted  from  filming. 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche  shall 
contain  the  symbol  — ►  (meaning  CONTINUED"), 
or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"),  whichever 
applies. 


Les  images  suivantes  ont  6t6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettet6  de  I'exemplaira  filmi,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparoTtra  sur  la  der- 
nidre  image  ue  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le  cas: 
le  symbole  — ►  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le  symbols 
V  signifie  "FIN". 


The  original  copy  was  borrowed  from,  and 
filmed  with,  the  kind  consent  of  the  following 
institution: 

Library  of  the  Public 

Archives  of  Canadt: 

Maps  or  plates  too  large  to  be  entirely  included 
in  one  exposure  are  filmed  beginning  ir:  the 
upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to  right  and  top  to 
bottom,  as  many  frames  as  required.  The 
following  diagrams  illustrate  the  method: 


l.'exemplaire  film6  fut  reproduit  grdce  d  la 
g6n6rosit6  de  I'dtablissement  prdteur 
suivant : 

La  bibliothdque  des  Archives 

publiques  du  Canada 

Les  cartes  ou  les  planches  trop  grandes  pour  Atre 
reproduites  en  un  seul  clichd  sont  filmdes  d 
partir  de  Tangle  sup6rieure  gauche,  de  gauche  d 
droite  et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  ndcessaire.  Le  diagramme  suivant 
illustre  la  m6thode  : 


1  2  3 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

A^     DET^P     \\rA.TER    PIER 


AT 


FATHER     POINT, 


ON    THE     LOWER    ST.    LAWRENCE, 


BAD  L  Y     NEEDED. 


The  interests  of  navigation  have  long  suffered  from  the  want 
of  a  deep  water  Pier  on  the  Lower  St.  Lawrence,  and  several 
times  the  subject  has  been  brought  before  the  Go-^erntnent  of 
Canada,  each  time  supported  by  the  Quebec  Board  of  Trade,  the 
Quebec  Pilots,  and  the  Steamship  Companies  in  Quebec  and 
Montreal.  WsH 

In  1871,  owing  to  the  vigorous  support  given  oy  the  Hon. 
H.  L.  Langevin,  (now  Sir  Hector  L.  Lange,  n)  the  Hon.  I.  Four- 
nier.  Dr.  Fortin,  M.P.,  the  late  Hon.  L.  H.  Holton,  M.P.,  and 
several  prominent  members  on  both  sides  of  the  House  after  an 
exhaustive  and  instructive  discussion,  w'cle  Hansard  1871,  the 
Honorable  Minister  of  Public  Works  (then  the  Hon.  Hector  L. 
Langevin)  announced  that  a  sum  of  money  would  be  placed  in 
the  estimates  for  the  purpose  of  constructing  Harbor  woi-ks  at 
Father  Point.  During  the  same  Session  the  amount  was  voted 
unanimously,  but  unfortunately  nothing  further  was  done  in  the 
matter  and  the  vote  remained  a  silent  letter. 

In  1883  the  attention  of  the  G-overnment  was  again  drawn  to 
the  importance  of  having  a  Pier  consti'ucted. 


2 


Although  the  importance  of  having  a  "  Harbor  of  Eefuge, " 
such  as  was  at  fii'st  proposed,  cannot  be  overestimated,  no  doubt 
the  magnitude  of  the  original  project  as  set  forth  'vjj  plans  and 
estimates,  deteiTed  the  Government  from  acting,  but  now  that  it 
is  conceded  that  a  Pier  of  500  feet  will  meet  all  the  present 
requirements  and  might  also  later  on  be  utilized  in  the  constmc- 
tion  of  Harbor  works,  if  such  were  decided  upon,  it  is  to  be 
hoped  that  the  Government  will,  at  the  earliest  possible  date, 
provide  this  long  felt  want,  in  the  interests  of  our  shipping  trade 
and  of  our  brave  Mariners. 

Father  Point  is  already  a  natural  Harbor  for  moderate  sized 
vessels,  and  is  undoubtedly  the  spot  best  suited  by  nature  for  the 
purpose  of  a  Pier,  so  much  so,  that  all  Navigatoi*s,  Pilots  and 
Steamship  Companies  agree  that  opposite  the  Father  Point  Light 
is  certainly  the  best  place  on  the  Lower  St.  Lawrence  for  a 
Pier. 

Father  Point  is  known  the  whole  world  over  as  the  first  place 
of  call  for  Steamships  entering  the  St.  Lawrence,  and  the  last 
when  outward  bound.  It  stands  out  directly  in  the  Steamships' 
course  and  can  be  made  in  all  weathers,  so  safe  is  the  approach 
from  every  direction,  the  depth  of  water  inshore  is  so  great,  with 
good  soundings  and  good  bottom  every  ivhere. 

Over  400  Oceanic  Steamships  annually  make  Father  Point 
their  only  place  of  call  between  Quebec  and  Europe,  and  during 
the  last  thirty  years  some  26,000  passengers  and  10,400  pilots 
have  been  either  landed  or  embarked  there  in  open  boats. 

The  registered  tonnage  of  Steamship  Lines  calling  at  Father 
Point  amount  to  196,868  tons,  or  about  800,000  tons  per  season. 

Pilots  are  taken  on  there  by  inward  Steamships,  and  put  ashore 
from  those  outward  bound. 

Father  Point  is  an  important  Telegraphic  Station,  and  has  a 
Light  House,  a  Fog  Signal  Cannon,  it  is  a  Storm  Signal  Station, 
a  Signal  Service  Station,  a  Life  Saving  Canoe  Station,  and  has  a 
Meteorological  Observatory ;  it  is  also  there  that  inward  Steam- 
ships are  first  inspected  by  a  Quarantine  Officer,  so  that  its  impor- 
tance as  a  place  of  call  for  Steamships  cannot  be  over-estimated. 

The  proposed  Pier  would  be  situated  within  two  miles  of  a 
Station  of  the  Intercolonial  Eailway. 


"/y^zc 


9 


In  the  interestH  of  local  river  Navigation,  as  well  as  for  the 
prosperity  of  the  surrounding  parishes,  this  Pier  would  be  of  in- 
calculable value. 

A  memorial  has  just  been  presented  to  Sir  Hector  L.  Langevin, 
K.C.M.G.,  Minister  of  Public  Works,  Ottawa,  sti-ongly  advocating 
the  construction  of  a  Pier  at  Father  Point  Light,  from  which  we 
quote^the  following  :  "  "We  the  undersigned  Agents  of  the  dilfer- 
"  ent  Steamship  Lines  actively  engaged  in  the  trade  of  Canada 
"  via  the  St.  Lawrence  route,  wish  respectfully  to  draw  your 
"  attention  to  the  great  necessity  that  has  so  long  existed  for  the 
'*  construction  of  a  Deep  Water  Pier  on  the  Lower  St.  Lawrence, 
"  and  to  inform  you  that  the  Lower  St.  Lawrence  Pilots,  oui- 
"  Steamship  Commanders  and  ourselves,  recognize  Father  Point 
"  (opposite  the  Light)  as  the  place  most  suitable  for  the  placing 
"of  a  Pier. 

"  We  hereby  attach  two  other  petitions  from  the  Commanders 
"  of  Ocean  Steamship  and  the  Lower  St.  Lawrence  Pilots, 
"  urgently  calling  attention  to  their  wants. 

"  We  would  state  that  a  Pier  of  500  feet  would  meet  all  the 
"  requirement*  and  could  be  built  very  cheaply ;  such  a  Pier  could 
"  be  also  used  as  a  Deep  Water  Terminus  for  the  Intercolonial 
"  Eailway  if  so  desired." 

(Signed) 

H.  &  A.  Allan,  Agents  Allan  Line. 

H.  B.  Murray,  Canada  Shipping  Companj. 

David  Torrance  &  Co.,  Dominion  Line. 

'  Temperley  Line. 
„  T»  «   /I        Donaldson  Clyde  Line. 

EoBT.  Reford  &  Lo.A  Thomson  Line. 

Great  Western   Line. 
MuNDERLOH  &  Co.,  White  Cross  Line. 
J.  G.  SiDBY,  Steamship  A.gent. 
David  Shaw,  Steamship  Agent. 
Kingman,  Brown  &  Co.,  Black  Diamond  Line. 
Carbray,  Routh  &  Co.,  Steamship  Agents. 
Montreal,  February  27th,  1886. 


Tho  same  memorial  Ib  endorsed  in  Quebec  by  the  following 
signatures  : 

Allans,  Rab  &  Co.,  Agente  "  Allan  Line." 

-  _    ,,  (  Aet.  Dominion  SS.  Co. 

Wm.    M.    MAOPHERSON,  I      »     g^jjg^  gg    Co. 

H.  H.  Sbwell,  Agent  "  Beaver  Line." 

TT  ^l^^    a  r>      \  G-reat  Western  SS.  Co. 

Henby  Fey  &  Co.,  -j  Thomson  SS.  Co. 

,         T^        0  rt      f  Agents  Donaldson  SS.  Co. 
John  Ross  &  Co.,  |    ^         j^^^  gg^  ^o. 

C.  PiTL,  Agent  White  Cross  Line. 
Carbray,  Routh  &  Co.,  Steamship  Agents. 
A.  Aheen,  Quebec  Steamship  Co. 

Quebec,  March  13th,  1886. 

Accompanying  the  above  is  a  memorial  from  the  Steamship 
Commanders,  from  which  we  will  quote  the  following  : 

"  In  our  unanimous  opinion  the  place  best  suited  by  nature  for 
*'  the  erection  of  a  Pier,  is  opposite  the  Light  House  at  Father 
*'  Point,  P.Q.,  on  account  of  the  ease  and  safety  with  which  ves- 
"  sels  approach  that  point  in  all  weathers,  the  great  depth  of 
"  water  inshore,  with  reliable  soundings  and  good  bottom. 

"  In  making  this  recommendation,  some  of  us  speak  from  a 
'*  practical  experience  of  twenty  years  navigation  of  the  River 
"  St.  Lawrence,  duiing  which  extended  period  we  have  always 
"  recognized  the  special  adaptability  of  Father  Point  for  the  pur- 
"  pose  recommended." 

(Signed) 

*  Wm.  Bernson,  Master  SS.  Lake  Huron. 

J.  Priske,  «'      SS.  Brl  King. 

Alfred  H,  Luckhurst,  "      SS.  Scotland. 
G.  S.  Dale,  "      SS.  Brooklyn. 


*  It  is  well  to  mention  here  that  the  Captains  who  have  not  signed  the 
above,  unanimously  concur  with  the  memorial,  but  desired  that  their 
Agenta  should  express  their  views,  and  this  has  been  fully  done  in  the 
Agents  memorial  already  quoted. 


I 

i 


■i 


n 


I 


J.  p.  Simpson, 
Joseph  Wall, 
Arohd.  McLean, 
tubod.  eooers, 
Alex.  Anderson, 
Wm.  Eollo, 
Joseph  Gibson, 
Alex.  T.  Creiohton, 
W.  P.  Couch, 
John  Taylor, 
H.  Campbell, 
W.  Gould, 
William  Sanqster, 
Jas.  MoAulat, 
F.  Bouchette, 
Geo.  Benham, 

J.  HiL DITCH, 

Wm.  Stewart, 
H.  C.  Williams, 
n.  f.  hundewalt, 
Wm.  a.  McDonald, 
Quebec,  November  Ist,  1885. 


Master  SS.  Bai-colona. 
"      SS.  Dominion. 
"       SS.  Titania. 
"      SS.  Wylo. 
"      SS.  Eecalona. 
"      SS.  Concordia. 
»      SS.  Sai-nia. 
"      SS.  Colina. 
"      SS.  Ontario. 
"      SS.  Cynthia. 
"      SS.  Lake  Winnipeg. 
"      SS.  Lake  Champlain. 
"      S'~'    Dracona. 

Sb.  Toronto. 

SS.  Montreal. 

SS.  Ocean  King. 

SS.  Celtic  Monarch. 

SS.  Lake  Superior. 

SS.  Oregon. 

SS.  Wandrahn. 

SS.  Cacouna. 


(( 


.( 


I 


Another  memorial  is  also  attached  from  the  Lower  St.  Law- 
rence Pilots,  of  which  the  following  is  a  quotation  : 

"  We,  the  undersigned  Lower  St.  Lawrence  Pilots,  do  hereby 
"  testify  in  the  interest  of  Navigation  to  the  great  necessity  exist- 
"  ing  for  the  construction  of  a  Deep  Water  Pier  on  the  Lower 
"  St.  Lawrence,  and  we  are  all  of  the  firm  opinion  that  the  place 
"  known  as  Father  Point  (opposite  the  Light  House)  is  the  spot 
"  best  adapted  for  the  placing  of  the  said  Pior." 

(Signed) 

L.  E.  MoRiN,  President,  Corporation  of  Pilots. 
Jas.  Ph.  Couill  ard,      Director  of  Pilots. 
Laurent  Godbout,  "  ** 


Nestor  Lachanoi,       Director  of  Pilote. 

Ch8.  Arbbl   Bernier,        "  " 

L.  Treppl*  Demhle,  Pilot. 

Hubert  Eaymond,         " 

Antoink  Gobeil,  "      "  Allan  Mail  Line." 

NUMA  IjACHANOE,  "  "  " 

Charles  Vezina, 

J.  B.   Bernier,  -j 

Jos.  Brown, 
Jos.  Gravel, 
J.  B.  Patoine, 
Adah  Pouliot, 
Victor  Vezina, 
Joseph  S.  Dupil, 
,  OnAsimb  Laroohellb,  ** 

Ad£lard  Santerre 
John  Tremblay, 
F.  X.  Lamorre, 
Joseph  Bernier, 
Alfred  Laroohellb, 
Joseph  Laroohellb, 
Eaymond  liAMONTAONB, " 
Charles  F.  Brown,      " 
Jos.  Plantk, 

and  the  following  Pilots  : 

Narcisse  Lavoie,  Bona  Lavoie,  Thos.  Chouinard,  Jos.  Lachance 
jr.,  Eug6ne  Anotil,  PieiTe  S.  Laprise,  F.  Noel,  Pierre  Fontaine 
David  Bouffard,  D.  A.  Boiiffard,  Fi-^ddric  Bouffai-d,  Joseph  La- 
pointe,  On^sime  Nool,  Moise  Pouliot,  Philias  Langlois,  Cy^prien 
Langlois,  Jean  Delisle,  Cyprien  Eaymond,  Louis  Laprise,  Louis 
Laprise,  Charles  Nolet,  Jean  Dugas,  Pierre  Lemieux,  Edmond 
Larochelle,  Michel  Guenard,  David  Dumas,  Pierre  Lapierre, 
Treffl^  Simai-d,  Eustache  Doiron,  Victor  Demers,  Eugdne  D.  Bou- 


« 

<i                (( 

i( 

((                 (( 

or  29 

yearH. 

Pilot, 

•*  Dominion  Line." 

« 

(( 

« 

<i 

« 

« 

(( 

"  Allan  Line." 

« 

<( 

B,   «* 

« 

<( 

(( 

« 

"  Donaldson  Line." 

<( 

« 

(( 

(t 

"  Beaver  Line." 

(( 

(( 

tt  <( 


"  Thomson  Line." 
Great  West'n  Line." 


langer,  Adjutor  Lachance,  George  SanteiTe,  Charlea  Pelletier, 
Jules  Asselin,  Camille  Bernier,  Charles  Clavet,  Laurent  Laro- 
chelle,  Olivier  Leclerc,  Cyrille  Audet,  Louis  Honorius  Lachance, 
Achille  Damour,  Ji6giB  Menard,  J.  B.  Talbot,  sr.,  John  Talbot,  jr., 
Barth  Lachance,  Paul  Paquet,  Joseph  Paquet,  Paul  Paquet,  jr., 
Louis  Thivierge,  Joseph  Lachance,  sr.,  Joseph  Fortier,  Philias 
Lachance,  Jos.  Paquet,  Alphonse  Pouliot,  Isiodo  Noel,  Capt.  Jos. 
Morin,  J.  B.  Pouliot,  Joseph  Pouliot,  Gabriel  Lachance,  Joseph 
Pouliot,  sr.,  Joseph  Pouliot,  jr.,  Jean  Pouliot,  J.  1^;.  Lachance,  Jos. 
Pouliot,  Paul  Gobeil,  Pierre  Gobeil,  Jean  Gobeil,  Jean  Goboil, 
Cyi'ille  Lapointe,  Joan  Coulombe,  Joseph  Lachance.  L^on  Labre- 
que,  Napoleon  Rioux,  Paul  Lachance,  Paul  Lachance,  Thomas 
Simard,  Charles  Raymond.  Antoine  Lapointe,  Samuel  Rioux, 
Thomas  Chouinard,  A.  Jouvin. 

Quebec,  January  4th,  1886. 

In  addition  to  the  three  petitions  above  mentioned,  a  fourth  has 
been  presented  to  Sir  Hector  L.  Langovin,  K.C.M.G.,  Minister  of 
Public  Works,  Ottawa,  signed  by  the  Mayors  and  Councillors  of 
the  large  parishes  of  St.  Anaclet.  Ste.  Luce  and  Ste.  Anne,  as 
well  as  by  all  the  inhabitants,  petitioning  the  Government  to 
construct  the  proposed  Pier  at  Father  Point  Light,  and  clearly 
setting  forth  the  great  value  that  the  said  Pier  would  prove  for 
local  interests  and  the  vital  prosperity  of  this  part  of  the 
County. 

The  following  is  a  report  of  the  Quebec  Board  of  Trade's  Annual 
meeting  in  1883. 

Quebec,  April  3rd,  1883. 
The  Annual  meeting  of  the  Quebec  Board  of  Trade  was  held 
here  yestei-day,  there  were  present :  Mr.  W.  H.  Welch,  president 
in  the  Chair,  and  Messrs.  A.  Thompson,  A.  Joseph,  J.  Patton, 
Thos.  Beckett,  F.  Billingsley,  Simon  Peters,  P.  Valli^re,  R.  H. 
Smith,  J.  H.  Clint,  A.  P.  Hunt,  W.  Brodie,  R.  Brodie,  Hon.  P- 
Garneau,  Jas.  Carrel,  R.  Blakiston,  F.  Gunn,  Jas.  Shea,  Jas. 
McCorkill,  M.  Tanguay  and  several  others. 

In  the  Annual  Report  of  th^^Jouncil  of  the  Board,  representa- 
tions were  made  to  the  Dominion  Government  in  support  of  the 
construction  of  a  "  Harbor  of  Refuge  "  at  Father  Point,  which 
might  be  also  used  as  a  coaling  port  for  Steamships,  &c.,  &c.,  &c. 


% 


9 

It  may  be  stated  that  a  wharf  at  Father  Point  would  generally 
be  clear  cf  ice  from  the  beginning  of  March  up  to  the  end  of 
JDecembei-  in  each  year,  and  the  many  purposes  it  would  sei-ve  ai*e 
so  well  underatood  by  all,  having  been  fully  ventilated  in  the 
Press  on  several  occasions,  and  by  debate  in  parliament,  that  it 
would  be  superfluous  to  enilmerate  them  here. 

Seeing  then  that  the  erection  of  this  Pier  is  a  question  of  such 
general  import,  it  is  earnestly  to  be  hoped  tftat  the  project  will 
receive  a  vigorous  support,  and  that  the  Government  will  take 
immediate  measures  towards  constructing  a  work  that  will  prove 
of  such  advantage  to  one  of  the  most  impcrtant  factors  of  our 
national  prosperity,  and  will  be  so  heartily  appreciated  by  the 
travelling  public. 

MoNTP^-AL,  March  20th,  1886. 


P 


I 


18 

siipposod  l)y  pome  to  liavo  hcon  Blount  Desert,  w'lile  tlio  "  Cape  "  which 
appear.s  so  pioinineiitlv  in  the  iianativt;  was  reganleil  as  JSiiiall  I'oiiit. 
Tliese  vver«'  little  l)etter  ihan  yiiesseH. 

Tlie  iipproacli  to  the  land,  and  the  sul)>e(pient  iiKiNCinents  of  tluj 
'•Mary  and  .John,"  are  deseiibeil  pa-tienlarly  liy  the  anthor  of  the  nai- 
rativti  we  now  print,  who  was  on  this  ship.  (JillxMt  crossed  the  south- 
ern edn'e  of  ( li'inid  l»aid\  and  passeil  thence  loSalih'  liank.  According 
to  the  soiindiiigs,  he-  did  not  run  \ciy  tar  sontli  ol  Salde  Island.  .Next 
lie  stood  west-north-west,  hiokinji  1'ur  the  land  two  or  three  days;  lint 
liaviiiii  a  lii.dil  lireeze  he  made  mdy  thirty-six  K'ai.ai(>s.  .Inly  •>•'  lh(! 
Iain',  was  seen  to  the  nor'h-west,  .li>tant  aiiont  ten  leaiiiies.  I''ailinii  to 
retich  the  coast  lict'orc  nijiht.  he  ••  Niiiick  a  hall."  so  that  it  was  not  nn']l 
three  o'clock  the  next  allernoiiii  that  the  ship  <^i>t.  in  npoii  anchorage. 
The  island  niidir  which  (iiliicrt  anchored  in  the  storm-tossed  ■•.Mary 
and  .John  "  lay  in  44  '  20'  N.  It  was  ••  lroid)oiMiil."  lyinji  in  tht^  well- 
known  harbor  or  river  ot"  La  IIi'vc.  This  places  was  visitc<l  in  the 
antnnni  of  the  same  year  by  Lescarbol,  then  on  his  way  home. 

The  testimony  which  covers  this  subject  is  unaiiswcialde.  yet  its 
character  has  esca|.ed  ativntion.  The  pilot  had  a  fair  o|)portnnity  for 
makiiiji  his  observations,  and  tluit  fact  alone  jrave  a  pood  clew.  The 
name  of  the  port. '•  Einannet,"  indeed  atVorded  no  help.  i)nt  the  name 
of  the  chief  in  authority  there  was  ••  .Me^samott."  a  fact  stated  by 
Straciiey.  Who,  therefore,  was  *•  Mcssamott  "  ?  Lescarbot  tells  ns 
that  he  was  a  tra\flled  Sauainure.  known  on  the  continent  as  the 
Sai^amore  of  La  He\e.  He  had  been  the  ynest  of  (iiaiidniont  in 
France.  The  >ninmer  before  the  I'opham  colonists  arri\cd.  lie  sailed 
to  Saco  with  Cliamplain  to  arrange  a  peace  with  his  eneniies.  Les- 
carbot celebrates  bis  prowess  in  •■  1'Ik'  .Mn.-es  of  New  Lrance."  anil  in 
his  narrative,  probably  borrowed  from  Champdore. 

The  highland  seen  by  (Jilbert  when  out  at  sea  was  the  well-known 
landfall  of  La  ileve.  It  was  the  |)ort  made  by  Cliamplain  in  l('>il|.* 
The  general  descri|)tioii  of  Cliamplain  also  agrees  with  that  of  our 
aulhor.  Lescarbot  speaks  of  ine  aiiundanceof  g(joseberries  toiind  later 
iu  the  season. 

The  "  Mary  and  .lolm  "' lay  here  over  Snnday,  where  divine  wor- 
ship was  doubtless  celebraleil  by  the  chaplain  ;  and  at  midnight,  (jil- 
bert took  a  fair  north-east  breeze  and  ran  down  thti  (Miast  south-west. 
The  next  day  many  islands  were  seen.  Tht!  wind  being  light,  tiiey 
(lelayeil  to  cali'li  li>h  ;  hence  Cape  Salde  was  m)t  reached  until  tin; 
morning  t)f  August  4.  The  journal  descriites  its  well-known  whit*; 
nx'ks,  th(»ngli  the  lalitixle  is  given  as  oidy  4o  X.  After  ronndinij 
the  cape,  they  fouml  a  "great  deep  bay,"  the  Lay  of  Fundy.  and 
sailiii"  thence  seven  leajjues  in  a  westerly  directit>u  the\  made  ••  three 
Illaiiils,"  the  Well-known  Seal  Islands,  almost  exactly  sevi  n  leagues 
from  the  cape,  with  the  llor.-eshoe  Ledyie  nearly  a  league  to  the  south- 
west, (iilbert,  knowing  his  ground,  sailed  coidi<lenily  for  Sagadahoc, 
until,  supposing  that  he  had  gone  far  enough  south,  he  held  iu   m)rth- 


"<FAivres,"  tome  v.  p.  50. 


14 


I 


orly,  oxpcrtinsj  to  spo  tlic  liiLjIi  land.  On  flio  iifteriinnn  of  Aiin;iist  a.  tlift 
('aiiulcii  Hills  u|i]i('ai'i'il,  the  tliri'i;  dniililc  peaks  of  wliicli  rose  aliovo 
tlu!  \V!iv(!s,  and  wore  skctoliwl  l»y  tliii  writer,  who  tlioiitflit  tlieni  ten 
miles  away,  but  reeoLjnized  iIkmh  as  the  I'enohscot  liantftf.  lie  also 
oliserves  that  liiis  is  ilie  lirst  land  seen  aftt-i-  leaviiiix  the  <;ape,  heing 
thirty-four  hours  on  the  way,  evid<Milly  with  lit  lie  wind. 

Standing  in  toward  the  wtist,  they  next  sighttMl  three  islands,  lying 
east  and  west,  whose  white  rocks  shone  "  like  unto  Dover  elifts," 
the.  Matinicus  group.  whi<'h,  on  this  couise.  uppi'ar  as  three.  Straeliey 
adds,  evidently  (luoling  an  exact  authority.  ••  There  lyeth  so-west  from 
the  easternmost  of  the  tiiree  islands  a  white  rocky  island."  Tiiis  i.s 
Matinicus  Uock,  which  now  hears  a  ligh.hou-<e. 

Coining  nearer  the  mountains  and  to  the  westwai'd  ol'  .Matinicus, 
tv  )  of  the  doidile  peaks  already  seen  rose  fi'din  the  \va\es.  each  liecom- 
ing  one.  Thence  the  "  Mary  ami  .lohn  "  held  wotward  eii^lit  leagues, 
and  sighted  thi'ee  other  inlands.  Muidie^an,  Meiinic.  and  Ihirnt  1,-land, 
the  out(;r  of  the  (leorges  group.  I'lider  Monhegan.  an  island  already 
visited  and  named  by  C'hani|ilain  "Ship  Island"  (  La  S>i').  (iillicrt 
dropped  anchor. 

Tli(>  succeeding  movements  of  the  ex|)e(liii<(n  are  tcderahly  plain, 
but  tile  outward  voyage  is  now  interpriileil  for  the  tirst  tiaie.  The 
statements  of  tin;  journal,  wluui  uniler.->tood,  .agree  with  the  actual 
courses,  and  prove  that  the  master,  Hohcit  l)a\ies.  orwhoe\fr  he  may 
have  be(!n,  was  a  correct  and  observing  navigator.  The  modiaai  coast 
pilot  is  hardly  iiku'c  clear. 

I>anding  upon  the  Islaml  of  ^ronhegan.  named  by  Wayinouth  St. 
George,  a  cross  was  foiuul"set,  u|i,"  the  author  says,  as  "we  sup- 
])o,>e ""  by  Wayinouth.  In  this,  however,  the  c(niipany  weic  doubtless 
at  fit  lit.  yet  the  suppo>ili()ii  has  been  accepied  us  a  tact,  and  has  led 
to  much  (Mun'usion  in  connection  with  the  voyage  of  Wayinouth.  It 
may  have  l)een  set  up  by  I'ring.  who.  in  Kidfi,  made  his  exploration 
of  Sagadahoc,  and  probal>ly  sailed  to  Waymouth's  landfall ;  or  by 
C'hainplain.  in  the  autumn  of  ll)<i|. 

The  next  morning,  to  their  great  joy,  they  were  joined  by  the 
"(Jift,"  now  seen  for  the  first  time  since  they  parted  at  the  .\zores. 
There  was  m)  room,  however,  for  recrimination.  At  midnight,  (Jil- 
bert  hd't  .M(Uihe!.>an,  where  the  two  vessels  lay  at  anchoi',  and  with  a 
d(jzen  men.  including  the  Indian  "  Skidwarr<'s."  a  name,  according  to 
I{osi(»r,  signifying  a  "gentleman,"  rowed  to  I'emacpiid,  moving  with 
measured  stroke  among  the  "gallant  islands  "  that  flung  down  their 
shadows  upon  the  calm  tidi-.  Landing,  and  cross'ng  I'emacpiid 
l't)int,  thi-y  reached  an  Indian  village,  and  met  Nahanada  a  Saga- 
niiu'e,  one  of  the  Indians  captureil  iiy  ^Vaynlouth,  and  who  had  been 
returned  by  I'ring  the  previous  year.  This  cliii'f,  though  at  first 
alarmed,  receiveil  tlii'  I'aiglish  with  joy,  after  which  Gilbert  returned 
to  his  ship.  The  next  day  being  Sunday,  tin;  members  of  thi'  exi)e- 
tlilion  landed  on  Monhegan,  and,  under  the  shadow  of  the  cross, 
they  ol)served  what  may  be  called  the  first  English  Tiianksgiving 
in    New    England,   the   preacher  l)eing   the   liev.    Hichard   Seymour, 


15 


wlio  rnii(liiot(vl  sorvicos,  wo  may  well  suppose,  aoronling  to  tlio  Book 
of  Coiiimon  I'niycr* 

Sunday  \n>\u<i  past,  aiiotlior  visit  was  made  to  Naliaiiada.  liiit  with 
no  result  l)eyiind  ilic  desntinn  of  Skidwanes  ;  [ifter  wliieli  tliey  sailed 
foi'  Sajiadalidf,  wiiere  the  '•  .Mary  and  .loiin  "  narrowly  escaiied  !)eini; 
wrecked, —  liiiaily  ircttinjj  into  liarhor  on  Sunday  foicnoon.  Au<,nist 
IC).  Tlien  follinvd  a,  hoat.  e\|iediti()n  up  the  river.  Afterward  a  sit(3 
wa.s  selected  fur  the  fort,  ami  the  coli)ny  duly  ori;ani/ed.  tli>'  cnn\pany 
possf'ssini;  all  the  powers  of  a  commonwealth.  As  tht;  fort  progressed, 
l)ii;l)V.  the  shipwriiriit.  proceeded  to  laiild  a  pinnace,  the  "  X'iriiinia," 
ii  •■raft  that  afierward  did  ^ood  service  on  the  oceiin.  Captain  (iilhert 
also  explored  iih-  Sheepscot  Hiver,  and  later  gained  the  upper  reticlies 
of  the  Kenneliec. 

The  manuscript  ends  after  allndinj;  to  the  meeting  with  SalK-nor. 
'•  Lord  of  the  river  of  Saijadeliock."  Sti'aciiey,  howe\cr,  continues 
the  account  in  laiivrua-fe  which  indicates  that,  he  is  employin'j;  the 
remainder  of  (Mir  nai'ialive.  At  the  end  he  acids  some  items  perhaps 
not,  found  in  the  authority  which  he  had  so  lilierally  used.  As  .-dreiidy 
mentioned,  he  is  clearly  in  error  when  lie  says  that  the  "  -Mary  and 
John"  was  sent  hack  "soon  after  their  lirst  arrival."  as  the  vessel 
was  (liMained  to  receive  the  letter  of  President  Popliam  addressed  to 
Kini;  .lames,  dated  Dec.  I.'!.  I()(l7.  sjiiliiiii  two  ilays  afier. 

Strachey  relates  that  after  the  departure  of  D.ivies,  they  tinished  the 
fort  and  huill  fifty  houses  therein,  hesides  a  church,  e\idi'ntly  a  little 
chapel,  and  a  st(U'eliou>e.  >•  l-'ifty,"  howrver,  is  douhtless  a  clerical 
error  for  five,  as  in  one  place  he  puts  fourteen  leai.nies  tor  f(U'ty. 
Fi^'e  houses  would  have  heeii  ample  i'nv  the  little  company,  and  would 
at  the  same  time  till  up  all  the  sp.n'e  in-ide  the  fort.  The  President 
and  Council  speak  simply  of  •'  their  lod^iii<fs  " ;  wliile  our  author,  on 
Auijiust  .'II,  mentions  only  "the  storehou>e."  Neverthele-s,  the  fort, 
with  twelve  guns  and  se\en  huildings.  must  liave  appeared  (piite  im- 
j)osing. 

During  the  winter  they  seem  to  have  done  some  ex|)loration.  hut 
the  season  was  one  of  uimsual  severity  hoth  in  Kurope  and  America, 
and  liefore  the  cold  weather  was  over  Captain  Popham  died.  Accord- 
ing to  Purchas,  this  cNcut  tcok  place  February  ."i  t  'I'he  "  IW'ief 
Kelation  "  says  that  this  was  the  only  man  that  died  there,  which, 
technically,  may  he  true;  hut  the  journal  of  (lilliert  shows  that 
'•  blaster  Patteson  was  slain  hy  the  .S;i\ages  of  Nanhoc.  a  River  of 
the  Tarentiiies."  ^\ccording  to  (iorges.  the  storehouse,  containing  the 
most  of  their  pro\isi(»ns,  was  liurned  duriui^  the  winter::]:  and  Har- 
low says  that  the  "  short  commons  caused  a  fear  of  mutiny."  Never- 
theless, a  eonsi(leral)l<'  quantity  of  furs  rewarded  their  extM-tions,  and  a 
"good  store  of  sarsaparilla"  was  g;iihered.  The  colonists  also  (inisheil 
their  pinnace,  whii'h  afterward  sailed  hetween  Fngland  and  N'irginia.j 

*  I'djiiiiun  .MiMiiorial,  p.  ID). 

t   I'luchiis,  vof,  V.  p.  S;!U.  t   Ihiil. 

§  In  1001)  siio  is  ineiitioneJ  as  "a  boat  built  in  tlic  north  colony."  See 
ante,  p.  9. 


i 


16 


Ciiptiiiii  r'<ill)firt,  ir  nppoars.  heard  a  story  roportod  hy  David 
liij;iMiii,*  ill  l.')li'.l,  wiicic  lie  says,  '''I'Ik^  people  loM  our  men  of  Caiiiii- 
hals,  imar  Sa^^adaluK',  witli  teeth  tiiree  inches  loiiy,"  pr()l)al)iy  deformed 
Tarra:itiiie.-i.  The  natives  a'^.o  reported  an  open  sea  inland,  and  the 
colonists  lielieved  that  they  wen;  viot  far  from  ("liina.  I'opliam  ro- 
j)orteil  the  sea  to  Kinif  damo';  t  as  Verra/.aiio  report(!d  his  open  sea 
to  Krancis  I,  (iilhert,  not  to  he  ontdonu  l)y  the  iintmeLfs  \vhi(!h 
I'opham  rep(irt"d.  discovered  a  lake  of  hot  watc'r.J  During  the  win- 
ter, reliijious  sei'viccs  were  maintained  with  ^'.xid  results. 

.Stories,  oriijinally  [lUt  in  circulation  hy  the  French,  represent  that 
elt'veii  of  the  colonists  were  murdered  hy  tlie  Indians.  Father  Hiard, 
however,  did  not  iiiiderstiiud  the  Indian  lan^iiaLTc.  yet  lie  siivs  iliat 
when  ln^  \isited  Iveniieiier  in  Kil  I.  he  made  ill(|uiries  ahollt  the  V.]l\f- 
lisli.  and  was  told  that  they  canu!  in  ItidS,  and  had  a  kind  Icaih'r  who 
died,  ami  that  the  next  year  the  Indians  (piarn-lli'd  with  the  F.nirlish, 
who  attacked  them  with  <l(i::;s  and  !ired  upon  them  with  cannon.  Hut  as 
the  colonists  left  in  KiO'S.  they  could  not  have;  heen  unilty  of  the  a<!t3 
alluded  to.  Tlu!  rehu'ence  to  <h>^s  recalls  circumstances  connecte<l 
with  Waymouth's  voyalJ(^  while  tin;  real  oll'eiider  piohahly  was  Henry 
Hudson,  who.  in  1  (!()'.(,  entered  Somes's  Sound  at  .Mount  Desert,  and 
there,  in  the  most  (;rue|  manner,  attacked  and  pi'iiuh'rt'd  th(!  savaif(\s.>? 
After  gctliiiif  all  he  ccudd  of  the  savaj^es  hy  fair  means,  Hudson's 
pilot  says:  ••  In  the  morning  we  manned  our  scut(^  with  four  muskets 
and  six  men.  and  took  one  of  their  shalh^ps  and  brought  it  ahoard. 
'riien  we  manned  our  hoat  and  scute  with  twelve*  men  ami  muskets 
and  two  >tone  pieces,  ov  murderers,  and  drove  thi'  >a\ai,'es  from  their 
lioiises  and  took  the  sp()il  of  tliem."i|  It  may  have  been  this  disj^race- 
fiil  and  unprovoked  attack  liy  the  crew  of  the  "  Halt'  .Moon,"  who 
wcr(^  part  Fnulish  ami  |>art  Dutch,  that  has  lieiai  attrilmted  to  the 
colonists  at  Sajfadahoi-.  The  Indians  who  <ia\e  the  inrormation  were 
not  of  the  local  tiihe,  whose  peaceable  disposition  was  vt)uclieil  for.  in 
KIIC).  by  Hrawnde;  while  it  was  the  I'eimKpiid  chief.  Samoset,  who 
hailed  tlu;  I'lymouth  Filgrims  with  the  words.  "  \\'elcoine,  Kni,disli- 
nien."  It  is  hardly  to  be  supposed  that  the  savages  around  Sagadahoc 
had  ever  been  tired  u[)on  with  cannon. 

Still,  though  the  relations  of  the  colonists  to  the  Indians  were 
peacel'ul.  their  enterprise  did  not  su'-ceed  ;  "'id  when  Captain  Davies 
returned  in  the  si)riiig.  lit;  found  the  coiupuiiy  greatly  discouraged, 
110  mines   having  been   found,  which  Stracliey   says  was   "  the   main 


*  lliikiuvt,  Loiiilon,  l')8'.t,  pp.  558-501. 

I  Miihic'llist.  t:olI.  vol.  v.  i>.  857. 
J   I'urcliiis,  vol.  V.  p.  8:i0 

S  IJiunl  wrote  two  ver-iions  of  tliis  storr  "  l{('lations  dcs  .Ti'suitcs,"  tonic  i. 
p.  ;!7.  liiK'liec.  1858:  and  Carayon'.s  "  I'ri'inii're  .Mission,"  p.  TO.  See  "  Saiiini; 
Directions  of  Ik'iiry  Hudson."  in  a  lioasifui  spirit,  the  Indians  may  liave 
ch.'iuiicd  '///(  Ui  ili'ir)! ;  but  it  is  niore  likely  that  tliey  ^-.wl'  the  account  to  Uiard 
in  their  l)ad  FiX'iicli,  and  tlius  confusL'd  iiu  with  oiizi-,  as  tlio  iwo  words  are  pro- 
nounci'il  so  nearly  alike. 

II  Juet  ill  Asher's  "  Henry  lluilsoii,"  p.  (U. 


17 


iiitpiidod  boiK'dt  oypprttMl."  Tlio  jirosonro  of  C'iiptain  nilI)ort  Avas 
also  r('(|uirc(l  in  l"",iii;liin(l,  anil  I'liict' .Iiistifc  l'(i|(liiiin  liciiic  dv-ail,  it 
was.c()ii('lii(l('(l  to  al)aiiil()ii  tlic  sclllcmciit.  Details  of  tlic  rotiirii  voy- 
a^(!  arc  waiiliiiu'.  !)iil,  tlic  colonists  imisl  liavr  ixoiic  lioiiic  in  a  slii|»  lliat 
was  well  fnnii-hcfl  with  I'Vci'V  tliini;  iifftlcd  to  maintain  tln-ni  in  llio 
new  world.      'I'lic  pinnace  was  also  nscd  on  the  lotiirn  pas>a^c. 

"Tliis."  says  Straclicy.  "was  tlic  t'lid  of  thai  northern  colony  upon 
the  Ivivci-  Sachadchoc."  No  mention  is  a*'terward  mailc  of  any 
letnrn  of  the  Mnuli^h  ;  and  tin;  only  recofded  visit  is  that,  of  tlio 
French  in  the  antnnin  of  Hill,  where  in)  roident  was  found,  the 
paths  leading  to  the  fort  lieinL;  untrodden.  l»iard  says  that,  in  com- 
pany with  liieiiconit.  he  reached  the  Keiincliec  from  the  ca>t.  Octo- 
l)ei'  'Jsi.  lOiiteriiiii  the  liarlior  where  in  KSllT,  INiphain  had  moorecl 
the  ••  (iift  "  ami  the  ••  .Mary  and  .lolin."  the  French  were  all  animation, 
ami  at  once  hasteneil  to  view  the  .s|i-(ini;hold  hnilt  liy  the  KniiliNli. 
As  they  ap|iroaclied  the  works  they  knew  they  weic  sate,  all  thintfs 
imlicatin^  the  ahseiicu  of  occnpants.  Hiard  writes:  •' Strai;iht.'vay  all 
onr  |ieople  landed,  desii'ons  to  >ee  the  fort  of  the  Kniilish,  hecause  we, 
had  learned  from  the  paths  that  ii.i  person  was  there.  At  lirst  they 
hetran  to  praise  and  ext<d  tin;  enterprise  of  the  I''.n<ilish.  and  to  v)\\i- 
lueiate  the  advaiitajfcs  of  the  place"  ;  .■.oon.  howe\er,  hi^  testilies.  they 
.saw  the  sitnatioii  with  a  military  eye.  ami  discovcre*!  that  tlu;  ground 
was  i)a<lly  chosen,  as  another  fort,  properly  placed,  would  liavi;  cut 
them  oH'  from  holli  the  river  and  the  sea.* 

Sni'h  is  the  only  known  description  of  the  placi»  written  at  that 
|ieriod.  'i'lie  I""rem'h  were  evidently  impressed  liy  the  inaunilnde  of 
the  work.  It  indicated  enierpri^e.  and  proved  thai  the  linijilers 
wroiiifht  with  regard  to  somethiiiif  more  than  a  transient  occupation. 
Of  the  dvvellinii>,  iiev eriheics^.  l»iard  says  nothin;.'. 

Smith  says  with  reference  to  the  enterprise.  " 'I'liey  all  returned  for 
Knuland  in  the  yeere  lUOS.  and  thus  the  plantation  was  hei;un  and 
eiidetl  in  one  yeere.  and  the  country  e>ti'('ine(l  as  a  cold,  harren,  moun- 
tainous desert."  (iorues  also  says,  ■•  They  all  resolveil  to  i|uit  the 
iilace  and  with  one  consent  to  [come]  away."t  The  I'roideiit  and 
Council  also  say.  "The  whole  (rompany  re.->oIve  u[)on  iiothiiij;  but 
their  r 'turn   with  the  ships."  t 

Y<t  at  all  events,  the  KnL'li^h  claime(l  the  coast  without  iiualillca- 
tioii.  and  "Sir  Francis  I'opham  havini:  the  ships  and  provision  which 
I'emained  of  the  company,  and  siipplyinii'  what  was  necessary  for  ids 
purpose,  sent  divers  times  to  the  coast  for  trade  an(l  fishinir."  ^  In 
Kill,  Hallow  coiili.scated  a  French  ship  for  inirudin;:  upon  the  waters 
of  Maine,  ^^'hen  IJienoourt  sailed  to  the  site  of  tln'  cohuiy,  it  was 
expressly  to  attack  the  Knylish.  who  were  supposed  to  lie  thi're, 
though  huch   was  not  the  case,  as  already  related.     Smith,  in   Kill, 


*  Ciirayon,  p.  (io.     .Sic  Hist.   Mag.,  Sept.,   I8lil),  wlirre  tlie  French  of  tlie 
iiiirralivc  is  niisuiuicrstooil. 

t   ••  Hrii'f  Narrative."  p.  10.  J  "  Brief  Relation,"  p.  ;5. 

§  "  liriet  Ri'latioii,"  p.  4. 

3 


18 


found  one  of  FriiiiiMs  Popliam's  sliijw  lliiif  liml  triMiiicntcil  flin  port 
o|i|>osit«^  .Moiilu'iiaii  for '•  iiiMiiy  yt'iii's."  for  lishinjf  aiifl  Iriurm^  in  furs. 
N'ii.'fs  wintered  in  tlii'  connli'v  oiice,  ami  others  weiv^  known  to  iiavt) 
spent,  tlie.  eold  season  on  Moidiejian. 

( 'oneerniiiii  tlio  cliiu'aeter  and  the  merits  of  tlie  colonists  of  Sajiaila- 
lioe.  tliei'c  lias  lieen  some  waiiu  discussion,  tlioMi,di  no  est:dili>hed  fa<'ts 
liavu  liceii  pfoiliiced  tlial  i-ellect  npon  tlicif  re|inlalion.  Tlie  colonists 
were  proi)alily  no  lu'tttT  than  the  averauc  men  of  llieif  class.  y(^r  tliero 
is  nothinii  to  iiidieat<'  that  then'  were  any  aiiioni;'  llieiii  who  leipiired 
disciplinary  tre;itinent.  The  Lord  Chief  dnstice  has  lieeii  denounced 
for  liis  severe  conduct  of  the  courts  of  justice  and  for  the  Nilis  of  his 
Voutli  ;  hut  impartial  critics  will  allow  that  this  is  altoiiciher  aside 
from  the  (piestion.  So  far  as  we  actually  know,  the  course  pursued 
by  the  colonists  was  humane  and  pacilic.  One  of  their  mimher  was 
killed  l»y  the  Tarrantines  of  the  east,  svdiile  the  loss  of  ilicir  |irovisions 
induced  the  fear  of  a  mutiny,  yet  the  temptation  to  iniliili:e  in  disorditr 
was  resisteil.  Industry  and  order  seemed  to  have  prevailed,  and  due 
I'espect  was  shown  for  the  services  of  ridiiiion,  tin;  l>eurin;f  of  the 
Enjilisli  worshippers  led  l»y  Chaplain  Seymour  heini,'  such  as  to  reeom- 
liieiid  to  the  simple  savant'  a  faith  which  he  could  nor.  comprehend. 
AVhcii,  however,  it  was  found  that  the  main  purpose  for  which  tlie 
colony  was  undirtakeii  (;oukl  not  be  aeliitjved,  they  departed  to  i'ni[iIoy 
their  activities  in  another  sphere. 

Anioiii;  those  who  have  hroiiiiht  ehariies  aijainst  the  I'opham  colo- 
nists nuiy  b(^  iuenlione<l  Auliiey.  in  his  ••  Letters."  tVcc.,  vol,  ii.  p.  1',)'); 
and  Sir  William  Alexander,  "  .Ma|)  and  Description,"  p.  .'ill.  iJacoii's 
Essay  on  "  I'lantations  "  has  also  been  used.  \Vi'  have  cited  Al 'X- 
aniler  in  the  "  Appendix."  'i'he  replies  to  these  attacks  are  well 
known,  aiiioii^-  ihem  being  papers  by  the  late  Dr.  llallard  of  IJrims- 
wick,  Maine. 

B.  F.  Di: Costa. 


[A  VOYAGE   TO   SAGADAHOC] 


Dopnrtcd  from  tlic  f/Vzanl  llic  iii'stdiiy  of  Jiiiic.  A.u.  [1*1(17].  lM'iiii» 
]\IoM(l;iy.  alioiit  >ix  of  tilt'  clocU  in  ilic  nfiri-iiooii.  anil  it  Ikiii-  oil'  nm 
llicn  iioi'lh-ciisl  MHil  by  tiortli  ciiiiit  icinuc  •  oil'. 

J''idm  lii'Mcc  (lirc'clcd  our  course  for  tln'  Islamls  of  I'lowcrs  and  f'orvo, 
ill  tlic  wiiii'li  \vc  were  twciity-foiir  d.iys  allaiiiiiii;  of  it,  at  which 
tiiiK'  we  siill  kept  ihc  sea  mid  iicNcr  saw  lint  one  sail,  Itcinij  iv  ship  of 
Salcoiii  *  lioniid  for  the  Newl'onndiand.  wiiereiii  was  one  Sosscr  ['']  of 
Dariiiioiith.  master  in  her. 

The  tweiily-liflh  day  of  .June  we  fell  wilh  the  Island  of  (iarsera.f 
one  of  the  islands  of  the  Azores,  and  it  bore  oil'  lis  then  soiiili  and  liy  east 
ten  ieauiics  oil',  cnr  master  and  his  mates  making;  it  to  he  l"'!o\vers.  hut. 
myself  withstood  ihem  and  reproved  them  in  their  error,  as  afierwaid  it. 
appeared  iiianit'esliy.  and  then  stood  round  for  l""lowers.  'J'iie  2<')lli  I'f 
.lime  we  had  siij,lit.  of  Flowers  and  (  orve.  ami  the  27111.  in  the  morn- 
ing; early,  we  were  hard  aboard  I-'loweis.  and  stood  in  for  to  liml  ^ood 
road  foi-  to  aiM'hor.  whereby  to  take  in  wood  and  w.iter.  The  '2K\h 
wc  (lex'iieil  iwii  sails  standiiiii  in  for  I'Mowcrs,  whereby  we  pres- 
ently weij;hed  anchor,  and  stood  towards  the  road  ol'  Santa  Cin/, 
beiii^  ne;ir  three  leairnes  from  the  place  where  we  watered.  There 
Captain  I'oph.'im  anchoreil  to  take  in  wood  and  water,  but  it  was  so 
calm  that  W(!  could  not  reco\er  or  get  niito  him  bi'fore  the  day  caiiii! 
on. 

The  'J'.ftli  of  .Iiiiie  being  ^[onday.  early  in  the  morning  those  two 
sails  we  had  seen  the  night  before  were  near  unto  us,  and  being  calm 
they  sent  their  boats,  being  full  of  men,  towards  us,  and  after  the  order 
of  the  sea  tliey  hailed  us.  demanding  us  of  whence  we  were,  the  w  liicli 
we  told  them  and  found  them  to  be  Flenuais  and  tlu;  slate's  ships.     One 


*  SMicoinlic.  —  H.  K.  1). 

t  The  rciiilci-  will  iiinlcrstdnil  lli.it  l)y  "  riiiiscr!!."  "  Flowers,"  nml  "  rorvi'," 
till'  isliiiids  of  (JiMiiosii,  Klori's.  miiiI  Corvo,  btloiiyiiig  to  tlit'  groini  of  the  Azores 
IslaiuU,  lire  inteiiiliil. —  H.  F.  1). 


20 


of  onr  cornpaiiy,  iianicil  Jolin  novctt.  of  I'lyiiKnitli.  knew  tlir  cMidaiii  of 
one  of  till'  sliijis,  for  tliiit  he  liiul  l)crii  ;it  sen  willi  liirii.  Ilii\'in<{ 
ai'(|ii,iint(;il  Ciiptiiin  (iiHtcrt  of  this,  mid  lH'iii;f  all  friniids,  lu!  desired  tlio 
('iijitiiiii  of  tlic  Diitcli  to  coin*'  iM'.'ii'  .'iimI  t:d\c  :i  ciiii  of  lieer.  llie  wliicli 
In-  tliiiiikfiilly  a('('('|itr(|,  we  siill  k"('|iiii<^  oiii'scIm's  in  a  readiness  liotli 
of  our  small  siiot  and  liieat.  'I'lic  Dntrli  caiitain  IxMiiy  come  to  our 
sliijt's  side.  ("a|ilaiii  (lillii-rt  desired  liini  to  eonic  aimard  liiin  and  eiiter- 
taiiird  liiiii  in  the  liest  sort  lie  could,  'i'liis  done,  tliey  to  reijuite  his 
kind  eiitertainineiit  desire(|  iiim  that  lie  would  <ro  alioard  with  them, 
and  u|ion  their  eai'iiest  entreaty  he  went  witli  them,  taking  three  or 
four  ^entle[nien]  with  them,  lint  when  they  hail  him  alioard  of  lli'iii 
they  there  ke|it  liiin  |ierfnrce.  charjzin^  liini  that  he  was  a  pirate,  and 
still  ihreatenini;  himself  and  his  gentlemen  with  him  to  throw  them  all 
overlioai'd,  and  to  taku  our  ship  from  us.'*  In  this  sort  they  kcpi  them 
from  ten  of  the  clock  niorninir  unlii  ci|.dir  of  ihr  clock  iii;.dil,  ii>iii^  some 
of  his  ^cnilenieii  in  iiw.st  \  ilc  nianncr,  as  M'ltiiii;'  some  ot  tlieiii  in  the 
Mllioes,  Imfleliii;!  of  others,  and  other  most  \ile  :iiid  shaineliil  almscs  ; 
lint  ill  till'  end  ha\iiiif  seen  onr  commission,  the  which  was  protleicd 
unto  llieiii  at  till!  lirst,  hut  they  refused  to  see  it.  and  the  irreatest  cause 
doulitiiiii  of  the  JMiLdishinen  heiiiij  of  their  own  cumpany  who  i'ad 
jiromised  Captain  (iillieit  that  if  they  protfered  to  perliirm  that  which 
they  still  thri'ateneii  him  that  then  they  all  would  rise  with  him.  and 
either  end  tl  i  ir  livt's  in  his  defence,  or  suppress  the  ship  ;  the  which  the 
Dutch  pereeiviiiif,  presently  set  them  at  lilierty.  and  sent  theiii  alioard 
unto  us  a<i;ain.  to  our  no  small  JDy.f  Captain  I'opliam.  all  this  time 
lieiii!^  ill  till  wind  of  us.  never  would  come  round  unto  us.  notwithstand- 
im;  we  making  all  the  si;;ns  that  possibly  we  inii;ht.  hy  strikinji  our  top- 
sail ami  lioistin<r  it  a<:ain  threi;  times,  and  makint;  towards  him  all  that 
ever  we  possihly  could,  so  here  we  lost  company  of  him.  Iieiiij,'  the  -'.Hh 
day  of  dune,  alioiit  ei<rlit  of  the  clock  at  ni^iit.  lieiii<:  six  leai.'iies  from 
Flowers,  west-iiorth-west.  we  slandinjj;  our  coiir.^e  for  N'yriienia.  'J'lie 
.'}(>tli  we  lay  in  siyiil  of  I  he  island. 

The  tiist  day  of  duly  lieinn-  Wednesday,  we  departed  from  the  Island 
of  Klowers.  heini.'  ttai  leatfiies  south-west  from  it. 

From  hence  we  always  kept  our  course  to  the  wi'stward  as  niucli  as 


*  I'ossililv  there  wns  sniiie  cdiincction  hetwceii  (lie  coinliict  of  tiie  Diitcli  niiil 
the  stiile  ut'  fceliii';  imliciiteil  iiy  Kosier,  where,  in  the  iiilniiliiclioii  to  NV;i\iiioiith'H 
voyune,  he  siivs,  "  After  thi'se  piirjiosed  (iesiuiis  were  coiiehiileil,  1  was  iiiiiiiiiite(l 
to  ]iiiUlish  this  l)rief  relnlioii,  iiiitl  not  he  fore ;  liecMiise  some  foreign  nation 
(lieini;  fully  Mssiired  of  the  fiiiitfiilliess  of  the  country)  luive  hopeil  herel)y  to 
j.Miii  some  kiiowleiljre  of  the  pliice,  seeing  tlii'V  could  not  iilliire  our  ('.•ii)tiiiii  or 
any  speciiil  iiiiiii  of  onr  conipiiny  to  eonihine  with  them  for  their  direction,  nor 
olitain  their  |iiii'poM>  in  coiiveyiiig  away  our  >avages.  xvhieli  w.is  hiisily  in  prac- 
tice." '■'>  Mass.  Ili^t.  Coll.  vol.  viii.  ji.  127.  TIk-  Dutch  certainly  made  strong 
t'lTorts  to  secure  New    luiglaiid.  —  15.  F.  1). 

i  Part  of  this  .«enleiice  is  oliscnie.  We  interiir<'t  it  thus  :  that  the  captain 
of  the  Dntcli  ship  "  doiihtinu,"  that  is,  /((////»/  that  the  Miiirlislnnen,  making 
part  of  his  own  ship's  eonipaiiy,  might  rise,  as  they  had  jironiised  or  threatened 
to  do,  to  jireveiit  any  additional  outrage  on  ('apti'i  i  Gilbert  and  Ins  eoin])aiiions, 
was  hiduced  to  liberate  them.  —  H.  F.  I). 


21 


TIU! 

Ishllid 
uurli  ns 


)iitcliiinil 
i\  iniiiitli's 
iiiiiiniiti'il 

;11     IlMlillll 

■liiiii,  nor 
ill  iiiiic- 
(le  sti-diiii 


wind  .'ukI  woallicr  woulil  pi-rntit.  until  llic  27tli  d.iy  of  .Inly,  dnriiifj 
wliicli  tiini'  wr  nl'ii'iiiinii's  MHindi'il,  iml  conlil  ik'mt  liiid  i;i'niinil.  I'liis 
27t'i,  <>iirly  in  tin-  Miiii'nin<;,  vm'  sminded,  iunl  liiid  t;riiiind  l)i:t  t-ii^litci'ii 
faliionis.*  ix'inir  fli''"  in  tl"'  latiiiidt-  of  I'l-]  '  ;  Iut"  wc  lisiicd  tlirro 
iionrs.  and  looiv  near  twn  Inindicd  of  cud,  very  ^rcat  and  lar!,'n  lisli, 
J)i;iI,Ut'r  and  lander  lisii  than  (hat  winch  comes  from  tiic  I'tank  of  llic 
Ncwfonndhind ;  hciHMViMuiijhl  iia\t'  laden  onr  sliip  in  li'ss  time  tlian 
a  nionili. 

From  licncc  liic  wind  l)i'in<;  at  sontli-wcst,  wc  set  our  sails  and  stood 
by  tile  wind,  west  norlli-wi"t  lowacds  lii»i  land,  always  soiiiidiii;r  for  our 
Detter  know!edi.rc  as  we  ran  to\\ards  the  inaiidand  from  the  liank. 

I'' rom  this  hank  we  kepi  onr  eiHirse  west  Moith-we>t  iiiir'y->i\  haijues, 
which  is  from  tlu^  J7th  of  duly  until  the  'iiith  ot  duly,  in  which  time 
we  laii  thirty-six  h'ai;iics,  as  is  hefore  said,  ami  then  w«(  saw  the  liuid  f 
ahoat  ten  of  the  clock  in  llii'  morninij:,  hearing:  norili-wesi  from  ns  .-ihout 
ten  leauHes,  and  then  we  >onnded  and  had  a  hundred  fathoms  hlack 
ooz(!  here.  As  wc  caine  in  towards  the  land  from  this  hank  w  e  s|i|| 
fouiiil  deep  water;  the  deepest  within  the  hank  is  one  hundred  and 
sixty  fathoms,  ami  in  om;  hundred  fathom  |  you  >lial!  sec  the  land  if  it 
111!  clear  Weather;  after  you  pa.ss  the  hank  the  uround  is  still  black  ooze 
until  you  come  near  llu;  shore.  'I'his  day  W(;  stood  in  for  tlie  land,  Ixit 
coulii  not  recover  it  hefore  tin'  iiiuht  took  us,  so  we  stood  a  iitths 
from  it  and  there  strin'k  a  hull  until  tlu;  next  day,  heiiii;  tint  last  of 
.luly  ;  here  lyin;;  at  hull  we  took  i^rcat  stoiv  of  codlishes,  the;  hiiiuest 
iiud  lai'ncst  tliJit  I  ever  saw,  or  any  man  in  our  ship.  This  day,  hein^ 
the  last  of  .lulv.  al)out  three  ol'  the  clock  in  the  afternoon  wc  recovered 
the  shore  and  came  to  an  iiiichor  uinler  an  inland,  for  all  this  coast  is 
full  ot'  ishinds  or  hrokeii  land,  hut  m'I'v  sound  and  i;iiod  shippinii  to  j^o 
hy  them,  tile  water  deep,  eighteen  or  twenty  fathoms  hard  ai>oard  them. 

This  island  standeth  in  the  latitmlc  of    II.',  ,S  and   here  we  luul  not 


*  Tliere  is  (inly  one  imrl  of  llir  I>,iiik  wliorc,  a(X'i)riliii;^  to  tin'  "  Atliiiitic 
Ncptniic,"  this  (lc|)tli  is  tnuii(f  —  I!.  !•".  I). 

t  'file  laiiil  seen  was  cither  ("ape  I,;i  Ilevc  or  tiie  Aspotoiicoii  Hills,  which 
arc  cliise  hy.  The  cape  ia  Mil  iilirupt  ciitY  a  liiiiulreil  ami  st-vcii  feit  liij^li,  ])iisli- 
iiiir  iioidiy  out  to  sua,  wiilU-  tiie  iiills  arc  vcrv  iioticeaiiU'  far  awav  at  sea. — 
15.  K.I). 

J  'I'his  cii'i'|)  wiitcr  is  toiiinl  on  tile  cliiirts  as  iiiiliciitcii  l)y  tlic  jdUniMl.  'I'iio 
deepest  iiisidi'  SjiIiIc  liiiiik.  sliowii  liy  the  "  .\tlaiitic  Neptune,"  is  one  iiini(ireil 
and  tit'iytwo  taliioias,  wliicli  occurs  in  the  cmirsc  sailed.  Alioiit  thirty  iiiiles 
south-east  (if  ('.ipe  La  lleve,  ii  himdri'd  tiithiinis  ;in'  found,  iiidiiiitiiii;  with  toler- 
al)k'  precision  tiie  positiuii  ot' the  "  .Miirv  and  .Inliii  "  wlieii  land  was  first  seen. 
—  1$.  1'.  I). 

§  Iroiiliouml  Isiaml  lies  lu-ecistdy  in  tliis  latitude  at  tiie  iiioiilli  of  the  I..M  lleve 
lliver.  Hiiiiit  (iays,  "  The  shores  are  bold,  .'iiid  iiiiieh  indented  wiili  irreLtular  inlets 
or  hiiys,"  In  tlie  vieiiiily,  twi'iity  tiitliiuns  ot  wnler  ;ire  edinuKm.  "  Coast 
I'iiet,"  I'lst  ed.  l^t'i",  p.  i'.i').  Mr.  .M:ijiir.  misled  liy  ('a)itaiii  .lohii  .Sii.ith.  and 
ncKleeliiiu  tlii'  fact  tliat  jioiiits  of  cistern  Nova  Scot  in  lie  in  the  same  iMliliide  as 
]iarts  of  the  .Maine  coast,  siiys,  "  Tiie  hititude  liere  uiveii  uouid  lead  lu  tlie  suppo- 
sition that  the  ishind  referred  to  w.'is  .Mount  Desert  Island  in  freiuhinan's  IJay  ; 
liiit  nearly  ;ill  otlier  histories  record  ManheLrin  Island  as  tlie  point  at  which  they 
first  liiniled."  "  I'l.storie  of  Travaile,"  pp.  Itj."),  Pit;  )(.  Kollowiiijr  Sniitii,  Mr. 
Mancroft  riiakcs  the  first  landing  at  .Monliegan,  vol.  i,  p.  2U.J,  ed.  l«7tj.  —  IJ.  F.  I). 


i 


:■% 


>l 


22 


ln'oii  at  nil  niiclior  |iast  iwn  Imiirs  licffiro  wo  rspird  n  Iii>^k(>!i  slinllop 
cuiniii^'  luwai(U  iis.  Iiaviii^'  in  licr  riylil  >a\ai;is  aixl  a  litllc  >a\ai;i'  \>\>\, 
'i'lit'V  cniiK'  near  nnio  lis  aial  spokf  iiiilo  iin  in  tlirir  lani:iia<.'t',  ami  \v<> 
inaUini:  >ii;ii>  to  tlcin  llial  llnv  f-lmulil  ccini'  alidaid  nt'  ii^,  slmwiiiff 
niiln  linni  Kni\('s,  nlju-M.^,,  licaiU,  and  llimwin;;  inio  llnir  Imat  xmit! 
iMsciiit.  lint  till'  all  liiis  tlicy  wdiiM  not  cuin*'  .ilidaKJ  ot'  n>.  lait  iiiaUini; 
slidW  ti)  UK  IrMii  lis.  we  MilVcKil  ilii'in.  Sn  wlicn  liny  wvn'  a  lillli 
I'liiiii  lis.  anil  f^i'ciii^f  we  |irn|I(i(il  tin  in  no  wionj:.  i>i  llitir  own  accord 
I'i'liirni'd  and  cam*-  alidanl  iij'  lis.  and  lliicc  nl  iIk  in  slaved  all  tlial 
iii<;lit  witii  lis.  'I'lic  rest  di'|i'ii'lcd  in  tlic  sliallii|)  lu  tlic  sIkhi',  makiiiix 
»>i,<;ns  unto  us  that  tlicy  wnnld  rdniii  unto  iis  auaiii  tlic  iicM  day. 

'i'l'c  next  , day  llic  same  sa\ai;es,  willi  tliree  savajic  Wdineii.  heiny 
llie  lirst  day  ol'  Aii;.nist,  reliinied  iiiilo  lis.  Ininuiii;:  willi  tlieiii  some 
i'ew  skills  ot'  lieaver  in  aiiotliei  Idskeii  sliallo|p.  indHerinu  llieir  skins  to 
truck  willi  us.*  I'mt  lliey  deinandid  ovi  r-miicli  lor  iliem.  and  we 
hi'cmed  to  make  li^lit  of  iliem  ;  and 

So  tlieii  tlie  oilier  tin  e  w  liicli  liad  stayed  \\illi  ns  all  ni^lil  went, 
i.ito  till'  sliailo|i.  and  so  liny  ili'|iarted.  ll  Miiiieili  thai  llie  I'lencli  f 
liatli  trade  willi  lliem.  liir  liny  n.-e  many  l-'n mli  woids.  Tlie  cliief 
coinmandei'  of  these  parts  is  called  iMessaiiiolt,  |   and  the  river  or  liar- 


*  Lcscnrliiit  sjiciiks  of  liis  tiiitlic  liiTC.  Kviilciitlv  it  wus  a  wcllkiKiwii  trailing 
piist.—  15.  V.  I). 

t  SiiviiUt  lit'  C'liixi)  was  iliMiliilos  niiioiiij  tlieir  ciistiuMcrs,  iiiiil  fiiniislicil  tliciii 
with  l''.iiri>|n'!iii  sli;illip|is.     "  Noiii'i'ile  Kriiiicc,"  \>.  (int. —  1$.  K.  1). 

}  ( 'liaiii|ilaiii  s|u'ils  llie  niiiiie  "  .Mcssiiiiio'.ii'l,  '  iiiiil  nu'iitiuiis  his  vi>il  tn  Siicii, 
in  coiii|iMn\  with  "  Si'cdihIiiii."  "(Kuvrcs,"  luiiu'  ii.  p.  ','2.  Lc  <('iirliiil  ilcMrilirs 
his  ihiiiins  ll'eic  '.ii  tall  :  "  l-'miii  lhi>  i>lc  llii'V  went  to  tlie  nvcr  ut'  Olinccliin,  ii 
]u(i't  (it  Cliiiiiiikiii't,  where  ^hiicliin  iiiul  Ihe  siiiil  Olmecliiii  InuMnlil  a  S(iarii|iinis 
jirisoiicr  (anil  llierctiirc  their  fiieiiiy )  to  Sieiir  I'Diitrincoui't,  whn-.ii  tlieyn.'uc  liiiii 
ireely.  'I'wn  hoars  iil'ier  tlicie  airiveii  two  saviitics,  one  iin  Mli-cheiiiiii  iiiimt'il 
Clikoiiihiii,  caiiliiiii  of  the  liivor  .St.  John,  eiilleil  liy  the  siiviijic-  ( lijioiiili ;  the 
otiitr  S'inrii(iiois  nnnieil  Messiinioet,  captain  or  SiinMiiKiri' in  the  river  of  the  jmrt 
l..a  Ileve.  wiiere  tliis  prisoner  was  taken.  They  liiiil  a  greiil  (jiianiity  of  nier- 
chiinilise  Inickeil  willi  the  I'^naich,  which  they  cimie  to  sell,  viz.,  Iiirj,'e,  ineiliina, 
and  small  kettles,  hatchets,  knives,  iiowns,  short  laimlies,  red  w.iistcoais,  lilscajt, 
and  other  thii|i;s.     'l'hereii]i(ii)  liuTe  iinivt'd  twelve  or  lifueii   lioals  full  of  sav- 

iijies  of  (  Mniecliin's  follow  inu,  in  n 1  oi'.ler,  their  tiices  painted  aicordiiij;  lo  tin  ir 

eustoni,  in  lieaiitifyiiit.'  theiiiM'h  i^s,  havinj;  tlie  liow  aiul  arrow  in  liaiid,  and  the 
(|\liv"r  w  liieli  they  laid  down,  Tlnai  Mi'^sanioet  I'oiiinienceil  his  haraiiuiie  liefiirr 
the  savajii's,  '  reniiinliiitr  them  that  in  ihe  pa>t  they  had  ol'leli  lieeii  at  aiiiily ,  and 
that  they  ini),dit  easily  overcome  their  eiieiiiies,  if  lliey  would  act  aiiderstaiid- 
iniily  and  make  use  of  iheir  friendship  with  the  freiich,  w  ho  were  then  piesint 
in  order  In  reconnoiiri'  the  ciiiinir_\,  to  tin  end  that  thi'y  iniiiht  Iniiifr  iheiii  ciaii- 
nnidities  in  the  filllire,  and  aid  them  with  their  sireiijilh  which  he  knew,'  and 
ln'  was  alile  to  represent  to  tlicin  so  iiiitch  lietter,  liecaiise  he  who  spoke  had 
formerly  lueii  in  I'"iance,  and  dwelt  in  the  house  of  (irandiuonl,  (iovi'nmr  of  Ua- 
yomu'.    Finally,  his  sjieecli  ciintimied  ahiiosi  an  hour  with  much  veheniince  and 

feeling',  and   with  a   ^I'stiire  of  liody  ami  arms  such  as   is  rei|iiired   in   a   <i I 

orator."  "Noiivelle  Kraiice, "]).;">•')',»,  cd.  liil'J.  All  this,  however,  louelher  with 
his  jiifts,  failed,  and  the  chief  went  away  resolved  nimn  war,  which  the  Saco 
tiihe  had  already  (irosecuteil  as  lar  as  La  Ileve.  See  also  I.escailiol's  retereiice 
to  the  warlike  actions  of  this  chief  in  "  l,es  .Musis  de  la  Nouvelle  J''iance,"  ]). 
4t),  eil,  l(iI"J.  lie  jirohahly  went  on  a  visit  to  I'rance  in  one  of  Du  Mont's 
ships. —  ]J.  J-'.  1). 


|.i'i 


\\< 


J-a 


'ate. 


Iier« 
it  i( 

'rilei 
eassi 
"  .Vc 

puts 

pine 

Ji.  I 

« 
tud 


ilii 


28 


sliiillop 

ire  lioy. 
illlll  w« 

It   Miiim 
iiiiikinii; 

II  lilllt 

1  lu'coi'il 
all    tliitt 
iiiiikiiii^ 
ly. 
II.  lii'iiii; 

III  ctillli' 
^l^illS  to 

,  mill  wi' 

nlll       Wlllt, 

Krcin'h  t 
I'ho  clii'f 
•r  or  litii'- 


vvn  trailing 

islit'il  tllllll 

sit  til  Siici), 
it  (U'M'viliis 
)liiu'cirm,  II 
SdUi'iiiiiiii^ 
■y  ^nvi'  liini 
mill  iiniui'il 
mili  ;  llif 
f  tlif  (iiii't 
y  of    I'.U'V- 

',  iiHMrmm, 
i>,  liiscuit, 
all  of  sav- 
iijr  til  tliiir 
anil  the 
mu'  hcfmv 
inity.ai'il 
luliTstiuul- 

U'll   jlll'SlIlt 

ilic'in  I'oiii- 
.luw,'  anil 
slicike  liatl 
luiir  ot  I'll- 

illUlM't'  ii'iil 

ill  a  jAdiiil 
^(.iluT  with 
•h  till'  Saco 

Fraiui',"  ]>. 
Dl'  Mont's 


I  ai 


1)  sp' 


hor  is  ciilii'il  Kiniuiiu'tt.*  Wo  fiikc  tlic^c  ponplo  to  \m\  tln'  'riii'i'iityni  t 
[mill  lln'-ir  |ti'ii|ili',  as  we  liiivf  Iimi'iu'iI  sinci',  ijn  niakr  w.un  willi  S;is;i. 
iioa.  till'  cliit't'  cDimn.iiiili'r  Id  llit!  wi'slw.uil,  wlirii;  wi'  ii:ivi'  |iliiiitt!il, 
illlll  tills  siiiiiiiH'r  llii-y  killi'il  liis  smij.  t 

Sit  till-  sii\ui;c?i  i|c|iiirt(M|  tViMii  lis,  iiml  imiih'  nu  iiriri'  iiiitu  iis.  Al'dT 
(Ili'V  WiM'i!  llfpiirti'il  from  us  \Vf  lloi>.lri|  nut  OUI-  l»0;il,  wIliTi'iu  lliy-rll'-j 

Wiis  witli  twi'lvi!  ollicrs,  mill  roxvi'ii  to  iIih  slidn'.  timl  liimlril  on  lliis 
islmiil  tliiit  wr  null!  iiiiiItT,  tlir  wliii'h  wi;  t'liiunl  to  In;  ii  t^Mllmit  isJiUKl, 
lull  ol'  lii'.'Ii  ami  iiiiu'lily  tn-rs  of  siimlry  ^m'ts  ;  Ih-'k  wi-  also  I'luiinl 
aliumlaiii'i'  ol'  jidosi'licrrits.  ]  strawberrlivs,  rasjiixTrics,  ami  whorls.  So 
Wf  rctunii'il  ami  caiin'  alioard. 

Siimlay  liciii^-  ilii-  2il  ol'  AiiL(iist.  after  ijium'r  our  lioat  tvi-iit,  to  lliu 
sliDi'i'  aL'aiii  to  nil  iVcsli  walcr;  wlii'i'i'.  alter  tin'yliail  lillei!  llieir  water, 
there  i'aiiie  four  savages  unto  ihem,  li:i\  iii^-  iheir  hows  ami  aiiowsiii 
their  liauils,  inakinu  >hiiw  unto  tiieiii  to  |ia\e  iheiii  eoine  to  the  >hore, 
l>'.it,  our  sailors  lia\iii:i  filleil  tlu-jr  water  woiilil  not  i^o  t.»  the  ^<llor() 
unto  ilieiii,  liut  returiieil  aiiil  eaiiie  ahoanl.  heiii<r  ahoiit  live  of  the  cloek 
ill  the  aftermioii.  So  the  huat,  went  presently  t'roiii  the  ship  unto  a  point 
of  an  islaml.  ami  there,  ul  low  water,  in  an  hour  killed  near  tilly  yreat 
Johsters.  Vtai  shall  see  tlieai  where  they  lie  in  shiial  water,  not  past 
a  \aril  ileep,  ami  with  a  i;i'eai  hook  niaile  fast  to  a  stalf.  yoii  shall  liileli 
them  up  there,  a  tireat  Ntoi'e  ot'  Hieiii  ;  you  may  near  load  a  shi[»  with 
them,  ami  they  are  of  u'l'ia'  liiiiiie's;  I  lia\e  not  >eeii  the  like  in  l-jii^- 
laml.  So  the  lioat  reliiiiied  alioard,  and  we  took  our  boat  in;  ariil 
■•ilioiit  midniiflit  the  wind  came  fair  at  iiorih-ea^t.  Wc  M't  sail  and 
departed  from   thence,  keipiipi    our  coiirM'  >outl.-we>.t,  for  so   the  coast 

liij;h. 

-Monday  hciii;,'  the  .">d  of  Auirust,  in  the  luorninii  wc  wei'c  fair  hy 
the  shore,  and  so  >ailed  alonir  the  coast  ;  we  saw  many  i>lanils  all  alotu.^ 
the  coast,  and  ^reat  sounds  i;diii;x  helwixt  tluiii,  hut  we  could  mako 
proof  ot' none  for  want  of  a  pinnace;  hero  we  t.iiind  lisli  ^till  all  alonj^ 
the  coast  as  w«?  sailed. 

'i'uesday  lieinj;  the  Ith  of  Aiiuust.  in  the  morning',  li\i!  of  the  clock, 
we  weru  iithwurt  of  a  nipdf  ur  headland,  lyiny  in  ihu  latitudu  of  43"^, 


*  Wc  have  iiiit  vet  foiinil  any  dthrr  reference  to  tlie  Iiniian  name  of  tiic  river 
I.ii  lleve  ill  tile  early  ehrdiiicles,  —  15.  1'.  1). 

t  fhi  these  peojile  see  .MaiiU'  Hist.  Sou.  Coil,  vol  vii.  p.  '.I.").  —  15.  F.  D. 

t  'I'lie  |iart  eiiclosi'd  in  brael<ets  was,  of  course,  ailileil  liy  tlie  author  at  a 
later  iieriod.  For  tlie  ucuoimt  of  the  ilcalli  of  Sasanoa,  see  later,  uiiiler  August 
2:i.  — H.  F.  1). 

§  Straehey,  who  nmy  have  known  the  author  of  tiiis  journal,  siiys  that  this 
person  was  the  pilot,  U.  Davies.  I'lirclias  also  n.'ieil  tlie  joiiriml  ami  attrllmtes 
it  to  .lames  Davie.s  (vol.  v,  p.  MO).  —  H.  K.  I>. 

li  Lescarhiii  says,  "Ami  in  the  same  port  we  saw  tlie  cod  bite  the  hook. 
There  we  t'onml  an  aininilance  of  red  ijooselierries  (nnizillis  /wi'/is),  and  a  niar- 
cissite  of  copper  mine.  Tliere  we  liad  some  tratlic  in  peltry  with  tlie  savagi's." 
"  Noiivelle  France,'' I'd.  liiTJ,  \\.  (')04.  I'lirchas,  vol.  iv.  ji.  liilU,  (Miainplain 
imts  tlie  Cape  of  La  lleve  in  4tt^'  ;"/,  ami  speaks  of  the  i>lands  as  covered  with 
jiines,  and  the  niainlaiid  with  oaks,  chestnuts,  ^^^e.  "  CEiivres,"  tome  ii.  p.  y. — 
15.  F.  1). 

"a  Whethor  or  not  our  author  me;int  to  say  that  the  cape  was  exactly  in  lati- 
tude 4;j°   N.  is  net  clear.     The  cape  in  <iueslion  was  Cape  Sable,  which  is   in 


24 


and  ranif  vow  iifar  inito  it.  It  is  vorv  low  land,  sliowinij  wliite  like 
sand,  liiit  it  is  white  rucks;  and  very  slion^;'  tides*  jioetli  here  fVotii 
tluf  phico  we  stopped  at,  lieiiiii'  i"  I':  •  I  niil  this  ciipe  or  head- 
land it  is  nil  ijidken  land  and  fidl  of  islands,  and  lai'ue  sounds  Ix'tuixt 
tlieui.  and  here  we  tonnd  lish  ahundance.  so  larjie  and  lm'i.iI  as  I  never 
saw  tiie  like  cods  het'ore.  neithci-  any  in  our  ship. 

Al'urwe  passed  this  eapi'  or  headland,  the  land  I'allctii  away  and 
lyetli  ni  north-west  and  by  north  into  a  ureal  deep  hay.f  We  kept  our 
course  from  this  headland  we>l  and  west  and  hy  south  seven  leagues, 
and  came  lo  three  i>lands.t  where  comini;  near  unto  them  we  found  on 
the  souili-east  side  of  them  a  ureal  iedue  of  rocks,})  lyiiijj;  near  a  league 
iiito  the  sea,  thi'  which  wt;  |iercei\  inu  tacked  our  ship,  and  the  wind 
k/einu  lar^e  to  north-east  cleared  ourselves  of  them,  keeping  still  our 
courM'  to  the  we>lward,  wot  and  hy  south.  ;ind  west  soiuh-west  until 
midnight,  then  alter  we  held  in  more  liorlheily. 

^^'edm■sday  l)einu  the  .')th  of  Anunst.  from  after  midniul't  we  held 
ill  west  north-west  until  three  of  the;  clock  aliernooii  of  the  same,  and 
then  we  saw  the  land  auain,  heaiinu  from  us  north-west  and  hy  north, 
and  it  liseth  in  this  form  hereunder.     'I'vn  or  twelve  leauiies  from  you, 


4?j°  L'.')'.  It'  he  UK'iint  to  be  ex.'ict,  lie  was  in  error  to  the  extent  iiulicatcii.  Mr. 
Miijor  took  the  j^rdiniil  that  he  was  in  error  "  mure  than  lialf  a  dejirec."  This 
was  assuuieil  to  accoiiinioiiate  ii's  theory  that  tiie  cajie  \vm;i  Cape  LSmall  I'oint. 
IIu  says,  "In  ()r(k'r  lo  verily  ami  diliiie  in  luodeiii  iionieiiclatuie,  tlie  (k'scription 
of  llie  eoiu'se  helil  liy  tlie  ailvciUurers  ...  a  vei'y  lii'autifal  ami  ehiliorate  nia]i  of 
this  coast,  in  tlie  Hritisli  .Mii>eiiiii,  on  a  scale  of  two  miles  lo  an  incli,  lias  heeii 
liseil  "  ;  and  lie  ('(includes  that  while  the  heaillaiid  was  Small  I'oint,  the  three 
islands  were  the  Daiiiiscove,  \\'(Jod,  and  Oiiler  lliroii  Islands,  with  the  l'iiini>- 
kiii  Led.ues.  He  says  "no  more  southerly  cape"  w.iiild  oiler  the  recjiiisite 
isliind  ;  whereas  what  he  needed  wa.s  a  iimlln  i-hi  myv.  The  fai'l  that  the  "Mary 
and  .(olm  "  made  her  tirst  iiort,  e<iiiiiii.u  in  iimnedialely  from  a  widl  known  tisli- 
iiii;  hank,  alone  would  la.'  sutHt'ient  to  prove  that  the  landfall  was  not  on  the 
Maine  eoajt.  See  Major's  remarks  in  "  llistorii',"  ]).  irjli  u.  'I'liecajte  deserilied 
as  "white  like  sand"  was  Cape  Sahle,  so  called  at  an  early  period  iiy  the 
Kreiicli  (111  account  of  the  sdlilan  or  sand.  If  I  he  eaiie  had  lieen  Small  I'oint, 
and  the  "  Mary  and  .John  "  hail  coiitinncd  on  the  coiiise  described,  the  colonists 
Would  have  apjiroaihed  the  inleiior  (d'  Maine.  —  H.  V.  1). 

*  Hlnnt's  Coast  I'ilot  descrihes  the  slnaii:  tides  riinninj;;  "  at  the  late  of  three 
and  sometimes  four  knots  an  hour."  —  1!.  V.  1). 

t  Hay  of  Fiindy.  This,  perhaps,  may  he  reirarded  as  the  earliest,  or  one 
of  the  earliest,  references  to  the  hay  liy  the  Knjilish  ;  unless  Ilakliiyt  had 
it  ill  iiiiiid  when  he  spoke  of  the  "  ISay  of  Meiiaii."  (;!  M.i.ss.  Hist.  Coll.  vol. 
viii.  p.  107.)  On  the  map  of  Molliiienx  (l(iOtt)  |iroJected  hy  Wright,  this  hay 
stands  apart  tVom  the  unnamed  {:iilf  which  seems  to  indicate  the  Hay  of  Kiiiidy. 
The  I'ontiaental  maps  of  the  sixteenth  century,  however,  comnieiicini,'  with 
Verrazano  (l.'iii'.l),  indicate  the  hay  with  distinctness,  whether  it  is  called 
Tciiti  (itidc,  IiiiikIii,  cdiuld,  fiiiitld,  /'timid,  or  Fuiidy.  See  the  \'erriizaiU)  map,  in 
"  Verra/ano  the  lOxiilorer,"  revised  from  Mag.  of  American  History.  Hariies 
&  Co  ,  Ne  V  York,  l^bl).—  H.  1''.  1). 

I  'I'liis  ^roup  is  coin|iosed  of  what  is  now  known  as  "  Seal  "  and  the  "Mud 
Islands."  (Mi  son'."  (diarls  one  name  is  ajiplidl  to  all.  If  the  smallest  were 
included,  they  wiinld  niimher  four.  Sailiiijj;'  to  llie  southward  the  navij^alor 
woiilil  notice  only  three.  —  H.  !•'.  I). 

S  This  ledge,  according  to  lilniit,  "iscalli'd  the  Horseshoe,  and  runs  out  two 
anil  (ine-lialf  miles,  south-east  hy  south."  Tlie  description  is  almost  scientiti- 
cally  exact.  —  H.  F.  I). 


( 


H. 

t( 

do 
wl 


rec 
aie 
of 
par 


[lea 
ske 
sk.^ 
niai 
liav 


25 


lite  lik<> 
■re  from 
Df  liciid- 
lictwixt 
i  1  novor 

ivviiy  iind 
k(  1)1  •iiir 
Icujiiu's. 
fuuiiil  on 
•  !i  Iciijiue 
till'  wiml 
^  >still  <iur 
wcs>l  11 II  111 

t  we   liclil 

SllllU'.  iiiul 

hy  iiorlli, 
tVoui  you, 

witi'il.  Mr- 
;,vo."  Ti.i'* 
iiiuill  I'oint. 
I'  (U'scripUDii 
inili'  mil])  of 

■ll,  lulS    llt'l'll 

It,  the  tliri'L' 
1  iho  I'liin])- 
lln'  riMiuisite 
,t  till"  "Miiry 
kiinwii  tisli- 
iiot  on  tlie 

1]H'  (lusl'l'illl'll 

fiioil  !iy  the 
Siimll  i'oint, 
tliL'  colonists 

latc  of  tliroe 

rlic-^t,  or  one 
lliiklnyt  liiiil 
list,  foil  vol. 
ojit,  iliis  l)My 
ly  of  Fiinily. 
u-nrint;  witli 
it  is  ciillcil 
/;ino  niiiii,  in 
uiy.     Biinies 

1,1  t'.ic  "Mini 
.niiilli'.''t  vcro 
llie  navigator 

ll  rtins  ont  two 
most  suiuntiti- 


I 


tlioro  nre  tlircc  liiijli  inoiiiitiiitis  tli:it  lie  in  ii|M)n  tlic  inaiiilainl  near 
unto  tlio  rivci- of  IViiohscoi.  in  wliicli  river  llie  Ma^iialie  *  makes  lii.s 
abode,  tiie  cliief  comiuaiider  of  tlio.se  parts,  ami  stfetelietli  unto  tiie 
river  of  Saiiadehock  under  his  eonuuaiid.  Vmi  shall  see  these  hiiih 
u:ouiitaius  when  you  shall  not  pei^'eive  the  mainland  under  it,  thev  ai-e 
of  siK'h  !ni  (!Xoe(;(li]i<r  liei;i;lit:  and  note  that  from  the  rape  or  headland 
before  spoken  of,  until  these  hi<j;ii  mountains,  we  never  saw  any  land 
exeept  Miose  three  islands  al.so  before  mentioned.  We  stood  in  right 
with  these  niountiiius  luitil  the  next  day.f 


Thursday  l)i>in^  th(!  t'dli  of  August,  we  stoed  in  with  this  hi<j;h  land, 
until  twelve  o'clock  noon,  and  then  I  I'oimd  t'le  ship  to  be  in  l."ii^'|  of 
my  observation.*?  From  thenei;  we  set  our  course  and  stood  away  due 
west,  and  saw  three  other  islands  lying  togcMlier.  beini;  low  and  Hat  by 
the  water,  sliowing  white  as  if  it  were  sand,  lait  it  is  white  rocks 
making  show  afai' olf  almost  like  unto  Dover  cliHs.|| 

These  thi'ee  islands  lie   due  east    ami    west   oih'  ef  the   othi  r,  so  W(! 


ivime  fair  l)V   them,  and 


we  came  to  the  westward  the   liiiih   hind 


before  spoken  of  showed  itself  in  this  form  as  followeth.11 


*  The  a'.'tic'le  pi.-tlxeil  docs  not  prove  that  the  writer  meant  to  (jive  the  word 
'•  Icisliiil  o ''  as  a  title.  Atterw.ird  he  speaks  of  their  Indian  i;uide  as  "the 
Skidwarres."  .See.  on  this  sulijecl,  Maine  Hist.  Soc.  Ocll.  vol.  vii.  ]i.  !•'),  and 
Hist,  Mat,'.,  April,  LStiM.  Strachey  adds  that  the  niainlanil  where  the  inonnlalns 
sioiiil  was  "the  land  (lalletl  SeirolKiuet."  The  distance  is  exairgerated. — 
15.  K.  1). 

t  These  three  nicants  arc  the  same  as  those  jiiven  h^v  Str.icliey  in  liis  "  His- 
toric "  (p.  1()7).  They  represeiU  the  ("amdcn  and  I'liion  moimiains.  "lie  two 
(loulile  peaks  at  the  left  represent  the  tour  principal  jicaks  ot'  the  L'inon  raiifje, 
while  thai  on  the  ritilit  represents  Mej^iuitirook.  —  H.  !•'.  I). 

t  Slrachey  (p.  Ki?)  makes  the  lalitmle  4.;'^.         |}.  V.  I). 

S  ll  wonlil  appear  that  (Mtr  aulhor  either  undcrstooil  navijiation,  or  used  the 
reckonini;'  of  the  pilot  In  tact  he  may  iiave  used  a  la.'jje  ])orlion  of  his  journal, 
anil  ino.liHed  somi'  of  the  statements,  which  would  acconni  tin  the  v.ariations 
of  Sirachev,  supposing;  the  latter  to  have  followed  another  authority  here,  in 
part.  — H.  K.  1). 

II  'J'hese  Were  the  Malinicns  Islands.    -  H.  F.  1). 

ir  I'lion  fjeitinsr  nearer,  the  mountains  rose  from  the  sea.  and  the  dinihle 
peaks  were  nnileil.  My  a  comparison  of  this  view  with  the  recently  ])ulili-hcd 
skc'Icli  lit  the  Coast  Survey,  the  I'cseinhlance  may  he  traced,  thoiiijli  this  ancient, 
sketch  is  very  rude.  In  the  "  Historie  ''  (p.  biSl,  another  view  is  ffiveii  that  our 
manuscript  omits.  The  Oxford  .M.'^.  omi  "  all  these  sketches.  Our  sketches 
have  no  indicaiion  of  foliage  on  the  hill-tops.  —  IJ.  F.  I). 


26 


From  Ik'Iioo  wc  kept  still  oiir  coiirsn  west  !iii<I  wcsf  by  iinrtli 
towards  tliifc  otlicr  isliiiitls  lliiit  \\r  saw  lyiiij;'  Iroiii  tlifsc  islaiuls  lictun; 
spokiMi  of  cijilit  Itiimu's.  and  idtout  ten  of  the  clock  iit  iii<{lit  we  iccoMTcd 
tliciii,  and  lia\in<;  sent  in  onr  lioat  hcl'ori'  niylit  to  view  it.  for  tiiat  it 
was  calm,  and  to  sound  it  and  sec  wliat  j:ood  anchoiins;  was  niidcf  it, 
wi'  lioi"  in  witli  one  of  tliein.  tln^  wliicii  as  wc  came  in  \A-  we  still 
sonnilcd.  and  t'oniid  vc!  v  ilecp  wati'f  foi'ly  fatliom  liard  alioard  vi'  it. 
So  w(?  stood  in  into  :i  cove*  in  it.  and  had  luclvc  fathom  water, 
and  there  wc  anchored  until  the  niorninj:.  and  when  the  day  a|>|ieared 
we  saw  wc  were  environed  round  aitout  with  i.>lands;  you  nuiiht  have 
told  near  thii'ty  islands  i-ound  aliout  us  fi'oin  ahoard  our  ship.t 

This  island  wc  call  St.  (ieori;es  l>iand,  tor  that  we  here  found  a 
cross  set  uji.  the  which  wc  >u|i|iom'  was  set  up  hy  ( ieorirc  \\'aynian.t' 

J"'riday  '"ciiii;  the  7th  of  Anjiust  we  wci;;licd  onr  an<hor.  whercliy 
to  liriiiiT  (iur  .-hip  in  nior(!  hcitei'  safety  liowsoivcr  the  wind  should 
happen  to  blow,  and  about  ten  of  the  chjck  in  the  inoi'nini^.  as  we  were 
standinj^  otV  a  little  I'roni  the  island,  wc  descried  a  sail  standiui;'  in 
towards  this  island,  and  we  presently  made  louaids  her  and  found  it, 
to  be  the  "(i^lte."  our  consort  ;  so  bein;:  all  j(i\  lul  of  oni'  iiappx  me<'t- 
inu.  wc  botli  stood  in  ai:ain  lor  llic  island  we  rode  under  before,  and 
there  we  anchored  iioih  loui'lhcr.i; 

'I'his  niiiht  following:,  about  midni;jlit.  Captain  (iilbci't  caused  his 
fillip's  l.'oat  to  be  manned  and  look  I o  himself  thirteen  olliei-,  m\  self  beiinj; 
oiu',  beiuij;;  fourteen  p<'rsons  in  ail.  and  took  the  Indian  Skidwarres 
with  us.  The  weatlier  beinjr  fair  and  the  wind  calm,  wc  rowed  to  the 
west  in  amonjist  many  i;allani  islands,  and  found  the  ii\er  of  I'cma- 
(piyd  to  be  but  four  lea_<iiies  west  from  the  ishmd  we  call  .St.  (umu^cs, 
where  our  ship  remained  still  at  anchor. 

Here  we    landed    in  a  little   cove  {|   by    Skidwarres"  direction,  and 


*  This  cove  ildi's  111)1  aiiiKiu'  lo  liave  lieen  llic  li;nliiir  luinnil  liy  M.in.iniis 
wliicli  lies  close  to  Abmlie^'aii,  luit  a  -iieiiertu  spot  norlli  of  tlic  liiirbor. — 
li.  K.  I). 

+  'I'lic  islMMils  inv  certainly  muiierous.  —  15.  F.  1), 

J  'I'liere  is  no  ]ir(iiif  lliat  tlic  su|i|i()siti(m  was  correct. —  B    F.  1). 

S  First  ini'diri'i  o!  the  shi|i.s.  Pejiiiarn  ai)])caie(l  In  know  liie  aiicliorajic 
better  tliaii  (iillierl.  —  I!.  F.  1). 

II  It  woiiiil  a|i]iiMr  llial  lliey  had  conic  to  thv  same  jilace  wlicrc  Wayinoiilri 
received  a  hosliii'  ir(e|ilion.  Il  «as  tlic  resort  of  at  least  a  |iorli(in  of  the  sav- 
ajics  atiilm ieil  hy  thai  c.\|ilorci'.  and  Skidwarres  cnndiic'.;*  Ihcin  ilirectly  to  the 
jilacc.  Wosier  writes  ot  the  visit  niacle  two  years  jircvious  :  "  When  we  came 
near  tiie  poll  it  w  here  we  saw  llieir  fires  "  one  of  the  nun  laiiik'il  and  toioiil  "  I  wo 
lmn(heii  eij;lilythr(('  savaj^cs,  every  one  liis  hous  anil  arrows,  wilh  tlieir  doys 
anil  wolves,  which  they  keep  tame  at  eonmianil,  ami  not  any  thin;;  to  ex- 
change at  all ;  Inn  would  have  iliawii  ir-  finihei'  up  into  a  little  narrow  nook  of 
a  river,  for  their  fins,  as  they  prelendcil."  M  .Mass  Hist.  Coll.  vol  \\\\.  ji  114. 
That  this  "little  nook  ol  a  river"  was  Peniaipiiil  Wiver  appears  troin  the  fact 
that,  as  Siraehey  says,  \\'a.\  iiiiialh  discovered  ic"  uly  "  llie  most  exeelleiil  and 
heiieticiall  riM'r  of  iSachailehoe,"  liiit  that  "little  one  of  reiiiai|iiid."  The 
"  poiiil  of  fresh  w;iter.  whieh  tlowed  over  the  lianks  "  ted  "  liy  a  siroiitf  rim," 
wiiieh  Hosier  says  eoiilil  be  made  to  "  drive  ii  mill,"  is  siliijiled  on  (ape  Ni  w- 
ajij^in,  opposjie  Pemai|iiid  Wiver,  and  i*  iniliealed  on  one  of  the  maps  ot  the 
(.'oast  Survey.  It  has  heen  examined  for  the  writer,  and  coiiespoiuls  exactly 
with  Kosier's  description.  |iroviii;i  that  Waymoiith  had  hieii  <iii  the  spot.  Tlie 
I)ond  still  tluws  over  into  llie  sea.  —  IJ.  F.  1). 


nn< 

m 


27 


;i\  niolltil 
lllf  .-ilV- 
y  1(1   till- 

xvc  CiillK' 
lid  "  two 
icir  (luys 

1^  In  I'X- 
w  liiMik  of 

ii.  1.    U4. 

lllf  filct 
llciit  anil 

••  Tlic 
111!  nm," 

|ii'  NrW- 
,>    ot    till' 

I'xncily 

llOt.       'I  111' 


inn ffIio<l  over  ;i  nook  of  tlio  land  *  iioiir  tlifco  inili*'*.  Sn  tin'  Skill wnrfc^t 
lif(;ii.;lit  iH  to  tli(?  savages'  Iniiisos  wlii'fc  tln-y  ilid  iiiliahit.  altiiuii'/li 
miH'li  against,  liis  will,  for  that  Im  tolil  lis  that  tlicy  wcfc  all  fcmovcd 
anil  Inline  tVom  llic  plai'o  tlii'V  worr  wont  to  iiilialiit  ;  i)iit  wi-  aiiswi'i'cil 
liiiii  a'4aiii  tlial  wr  would  not  return  liai'k  until  sudi  tinif  as  we  had 
spokcti  witli  soini' of  thctn.  At  li'iii^'h  he  liroiiiilit  us  wliofi-  they  did 
inhahit,  wlii'i'<-  wr  luinid  iicai'  a  huiidi'i'd  of  tlioin.  nicii.  woiui'ii.  and 
childi'fii,  and  the  iliieJ' ciuniniindi'i'  ot'  tlitMU  is  Naliiinada.J  Al  our  first 
sijilit  of  thi'iu,  iipon  a  howling  or  rry  that  ihry  nvadi',  tlii'\-  all  iircsciitly 
isstu'il  t'ortli  towards  u>  with  iln-ir  hows  ami  arrows,  mid  wi^  pri'si'iillv 
in(d(!  a  stand,  and  stilli-rtd  thi'in  to  como  near  niito  us.  Then  our 
Indian  Skidwarrt's  spoki^  unto  llitiu  in  lUfir  lani,nia;;j(^,  showiiiif  tlicni 
wiiat  w(!  wt'ri',  which  wlion  Xahaiiada.  ihcirroininatidrr.  pcrccivrd  what 
we  wore,  he  eausod  thcin  all  to  lay  asidr  their  hows  and  arrows,  and 
(•aine  tuito  us  and  emhraced  us.  and  we.  did  the  like  to  them  auaiii. 

So  we  remained  with  them  near  two  hours  and  were  in  their 
houses. 

Tlieti  we  took  our  leave  ot'  them  and  returned  with  oiir  Indian 
Skidwarres  with  tis  towards  our  ship,  the  eighth  day  of  Aunust,  hein;^ 
Saturday  in  the  afteriioon. 

Sunday  lieiiiL;  (he  Dili  of  Au<fiist.  in  the  morning  the  most  part  of 
our  whole  eoni|iany  ot  lioli.  our  siiips  laadeij  on  this  i-~land.  lln'  wliieh 
we  call  St.  ( ieoi'ifes  l>land.  where  the  (■ro>s  slaiideth.  and  there  we 
heai'il  a  sermon  delivered  unto  us  hy  our  preaciier.-J  "ivinif  (Joil 
thatiks  t'oi-  niir  hapjiy  meeiiuu  and  safe  arrival  into  ihe  country,  and  so 
ri'turned  alviard  ayain. 

Monday  liein^-  liie  Hlih  of  Aituust.  early  in  the  niorniiejj  Captain 
I'ophain  in  his  shallop  with  thirty  others,  ati  I  Captain  (iilhert  in  his 
ship's  hoal  with  twenty  others  accoiujianieil.  departed  t'roin  their  ships 
and  sailed  towai'ds  the  ri\fr  of  I'emaipiyd.  and  carried  witli  as  the 
Indian  Skidwarres,  and  came  to  the  ri\ei-  ri;.iiit  hefni-e  their  houses, 
where  they  no  sooner  espied  tis  hut  pre-entiy  Xalianada  with  all  his 
liiilianswith  their  hows  and  arrows  in  their  hands  came  t'orth  upon  the 
sands. 

So  we  caiisci]  Skidwarres  to  sjieak  unto  him,  and  w(^  ourselves 
spoke  unto  him  in  l"ai:;iish.  yiviuii-  him  to  undersiaiid  our  coinin<; 
teii<led  to  no  e\il  lowanU  liim->elf||  nor  any  of  his  people,  lie  told 
IIS  aijai'  ''0  would  not  tlial  all  our  pi'ople  should  land.  So  liecaiiM-  we 
wdiilil  in  no  sort  otfi-nd  iheni.  hereiipini  some  ten  or  twehc  of  the  chiet' 
geiillemcn"   landed,  iMid  had  >oiiie  parley  to;.;etlier.  and  afterward  '.hey 


*  rcin.Mniiil  I'oiiii  — !J,  !•'    1). 

t   All  linliiiii  will!  li;iil  liceii  civncil  iiw.iy  by  WMyinoiitli  in  IdO.j.  —  B.  V.  I). 

\  .\llotlii'r  ot' the  li    li.ills  Mliiliicleil  liy   Way  iiioiilli.  —  l\.  V.  1) 

!}  Till'  IJcv.  IJicliai'il  Sfviiioiir.  See  MUliop  IJnviio-  in  the  l'o|iliaiii  "■  Memo- 
rial N'oliiiiic,  "  |).  |l)l.  .Vlso  liislio|)  i'criy's  "  (  (iiiiicciioii  of  ijie  (  iiiircli  of  i'aii;- 
liliKJ  with  Ivirly  Discovery  and  ("oloiiizatioii,  '  Portland.  IS');!.  —  15.  V.  I) 

Oiir  I'opy  of  the   iiiaiiiisi  ripl    says  "  tlii'iii^cltTi.'."  Inil   uviiiciitiv  tlii' word 
illlelldcil  i>  In' III  f  I/'.  —  !{.  F.   I), 

•'  Till'  reader  will  iiotii'c  the  ri'Ciiircncc  of  llir  wonl  "  uciitleiiu'ii,"  wliicll 
l^ives  some  idea  of  the  reputi'il  shilns  of  many  of  tlii'  colonists.  —  IJ.  !•".  1).' 


28 


woro  well  <'(iiit('iit('(l  llmt  all  sliniild  liiiid.  So  all  landed,  wo  iisiiitj  tlwm 
\\  ill)  all  tilt'  kiiHJiios  lliat  |)(is>ilily  wr  cnidd  ;  iicMTtliclos,  aftiT  an  Ikmit 
or  two  tiicy  all  Middeuly  withdrew  tlieni>el\es  froiu  us  into  llie  woods 
and  left  us. 

We  iKM-ceivinn  lliis  jiresently  eiidiarked  ourselves,  all  exeept  Skid- 
warres.  w  lio  was  not  <iesirons  to  return  witli  us. 

V»'e  seeing  this,  wouhl  in  no  soit  protrer  any  violence!  unto  hiui  Ity 
tlrawiuii  him  pertorce,  sutlered  liiiu  to  remain  and  stay  liehind  us,  Ik! 
promisinii  to  retui'U  unto  us  the  next  day  t'ollowinj:,  l)Ut  he  held  not 
his  promise;  so  we  endiarked  ourselves,  and  went  luito  the  other  side 
of  the  river,  and  there  remained  upon  tht;  shore  the  nii^ht  t'cllowinjf. 

'I'ue-(lay  lieinu  the  llth  of  An<;u-.t,  we  returned  and  came  to 
our  ships  where  iliey  still  remained  at  anchor  under  the  island  we  call 
!St.  Georsjes.* 

Wediu'sday  heinif  the  12tli  of  Auiiust.  we  weii.died  our  anclior, 
and  set  our  sails  to  <io  fni'  the  ri\ei'  of  Sa;:adili(ick.  We  kept  our  course 
from  thence  due  west  until  iwcUc  of  tin'  clock  midnight  of  the  same, 
iheu  we  struck  our  sails,  and  laid  a  hull  until  the  niorniiiLr,  douiitiui^ 
f(U'  to  overshoot  it. 

'i'hursday  in  the  uiorniuir.  break  of  the  day.  heinif  the  l.'itli  Aiiiiiist, 
the  Island  of  Sutipiiu  f  l'"ie  inu'th  of  us,  not  past  half  a  league  from 
us.  and  it  risetii  in  this  form  hereunder  follow  i;i<f.  the  which  isl.'.nd 
lieth  riiiht  hefiu'e  the  tuoulh  of  tiie  river  Sa;:adeliock  soulli  from  it 
near  two  leagues,  but  we  did  not  make  it  to  be  Suti|niii.  so  we  set 
our  sails  atid  stood  to  ilu'  wetward  for  to  seek  it  two  lea^iU's  further, 
and  not  tiiidinif  the  riser  of  Saiiadehock.  we  knew  that  wc  had  ovcishot 
the  place:  thei!  we  would  havi'  returneil.  lint  could  not.|  and  th<'  ni<:ht 
in  liand.  The  ''(tifte"  sent  in  her  shallop  and  made  it.  and  went  itito 
the  ri\cr  this  niuiit  ;  Init  we  were  constrained  to  remain  at  sea  all  this 
iiii;lit,  anil  aliout  midniuht  there  arose  a  t;reat  storm  ami  tempest  upon 
us,  tiie  which  put  us  in  i;i'eat  ilanuerand  hazard  of  castiiii;  away  ot'oiir 
ship  and  om-  li\t's,  b\  reason  we  were  so  near  the  shore.  'I'he  wind 
blew  very  hard  at  soutii  riiiht  in  upon  the  shore,  so  that  by  no  means 
we  could  not  t:et  otf  there;  we  sought  all  mrans  and  did  what  possibli! 
was  to  be  done.  f)r  that  our  !i\es  depended  on  it.  Here  we  plied  it 
with  our  ship  otl  and  on.  all  the  niuht.  oftentimes  espyinir  many  sunken 
rucks  and  lireaches  hard  by  us,  enforcimr  us  io  ])Ut  our  ship  about  and 
sraiid  from  tlu'in  bejirinj;'  sail  when  it  was  more  titter  to  haxf  taken  it 
in,  but  that  it  stood  upon  our  lives  to  do  it.  and  <iui'  boat  suid<  at  our 
stern,  yet  would  we  not  cut  her  from  us  in  hope  of  the  appearing;  of  the 
<l.iy.  Thus  we  contimuMl  until  the  day  canu'  ;  tiien  wc  pcicci\ed  onrselvi-s 
to  be  hard  nboartl  the  lee  slioic.  and  no  way  to  escape  it  but  by  seek- 
iu>f  the  siiore ;  then  we  espied  two  little  islands  <?  lyinji  under  oiu'  lee. 


up 


*  Moniiegan.  —  I?.  F.  I). 

t  Scfruin,  well  kniiwii  to  tluiii  tiirdiijiU  tlie  exiiinrMtiDiis  of  Waviiiouth  anil 
I'rintr  —  H   V.  1). 

{  Stnicliov  says  tlial  it  \viis  calm.  —  15.  V.  I). 

Jj  'I'lic  only  nvo  islanils  l.vinji  two  le.-ijiiif,*  west  of  Scttnin  aru  Seal  Islinul  ami 
till'  sniiill,  naini'li'ss  rock  slmwu  in  tlie  Coast  Survey  Miip,  No.  ■'(,  If^Oo.  lieliind 
the  fitrnuT  is  safe  ani'liorage,  with  ten  tiet  at  low  water. —  15    !•'.  I). 


29 


tlicm 
liour 

Skid- 

iiii  by 
us,  he 
\a  not 
V  side 
inir. 
iiic  to 
V.'  cull 

iiiclior, 

OUIllSt! 

■  siinit', 

iiihtini!; 

\iiHiist, 
ic  iVoin 
I  island 
I'roni  it 
1  wc  set 
t'liitlifr, 
(vcrsliot 
III-  tiijjlit 
(•III  into 

;ili  tliis 
tipon 
of  onr 

f  wind 

IIICMIIS 

iissilile 

lir<l   it 

sunUt'n 

>iit  and 

dicn  it, 

at  our 

o  of  the 

irsclvfs 

i\  scfk- 

)m'  Iff. 


)atli  iind 


;>liiiitl  ami 
Ueliinil 


So  wo  horo  up  the  helm,  find  steered  in  our  ship  in  hetwixf,  tlieni, 
where,  tiie  Li>rd  he  pniised  lor  it,  we  found  ifood  and  safe  iinehorin;^. 
Tliere  iuiclion.'d.  the  storm  still  continuinir  until  the  next  duv  foilowih<i. 


nii' 


Til  this  furm, 
iM'inu'  siiiitli 
(if  it. 


lli'iiiK  I'M't  ami 
Wrst  fliilll  tlio 
Ishiiiil  (il'Siit- 
i|(iiii,  it  iiikIv- 
I'lli  ill  tliiH 
loiiii.* 


Friday  heinjr  the  I  Itli  of  Aniiu-it.  that  we  anchored  mider  these 
ishmds,  tliere  wt;  repaired  our  iioat.  heinsf  very  inucii  torn  and  spoiled; 
tiien  alter  we  laii(h'(l  on  litis  island, t  tind  loinid  four  sa\au<'s  and  an 
old  woman  :  llii>  island  is  full  of  pine-trees,  of  oak,  tind  ahiindance  of 
wliorts  of  four  sorts  of  liicin. 

Saturday  heiiiir  the  loth  of  Aiinnst.  the  storm  entU'd,  and  the 
wind  came  lair  for  us  to  iio  for  Sai:adfhock.so  we  weii^lifd  our  anciiors 
and  set  stiil.  and  stood  to  the  eastward,  and  came  to  the  island  of  Sut- 
(piin,  which  was  two  leairues  fr(Uii  those  islands  we  rode  at  anchor  ht;- 
fore.  and  here  we  aiicliorcd  under  the  Island  of  Suttiuiu  in  the  eastern 
side  of  it,  for  that  the  wind  was  oil' the  shore  that  we  could  not  get  into 
the  river  of  Saiiadchock,  and  there  Captain  I'opham's  ship's  boat  came 
aboard  of  us.  and  i^ave  us  twiily  fresh  cods  that  they  had  taken,  beinij 
sent  out  a-lishinir. 

Siiiiday  beinii  iIk!  Kith  of  Anuust,  Captain  I'djiham  sent  his 
shallop  unto  us  ibr  to  help  ns  in,  so  we  weii^hed  our  anchors,  and  beini^ 
calm,  wf  towed  in  our  ship,  and  came  into  the  river  of  Sairadeliocke,  and 
anchored  iiy  the  '■  ( iyltc's  "  side  about  clc sen  of  the  clock  the  same  day. 

Monday  beiiiif  tiie  ITtli  of  .Viiii'Ust.  Captain  I'opliam  in  bis 
shallop  with  thiity  others,  and  Captain  (iiliiert  in  his  ship's  boat, 
acfonipaiiif(l  with  eighteen  other  persons,  departed  eai'ly  in  the  morn- 
in<i  from  their  ship,  and  sailed  up  the  ri\er  of  Saiiadchock  for  to  view 
the  river,  and  also  to  see  where  they  inii;lit  find  the  most  couNenient 
pliiee  for  their  plantation,  myself  beiiiii  with  Captain  (Jilbcrt. 

So  we  saileil  up  into  this  river  near  fourteen  I  leagues,  and  found  it 
to  be  a  most  nallant  river,  very  broad  and  of  a  jiood  depth  :  we  never 
liad  less  water  than  three  fathom  when  we  had  zest  §  mid  abundance 
of  ureal  tish  in  it.  leapini^  above  the  water  on  each  side  of  lis  as  we 
sailed. 

So  the  ni;iht  approaching,  after  a  while  we  had  refreslu'd  ourselves 
upon  liie  siiore,  about  nine  of  the  clock  we  set  backward  to  ri'turn 


*  'I'lic  skctciics  oi'  Scifiiiii  arc  (|iiitc  tair,  (spcciMllv  the  liist.  ( 'liiiiii|>lain 
iiMiiicil  llic  islaiul  "  '/'iiiliK  ,"  or  tlic  'rciiloisc,  to  wliicli  it  li(itrs  a  rcsciiililiiiici'. 
ill  tills  ciiiiiui'tiDti  .Straclu'.v  n'lvc^  aiiotiu  r  mt.v  roiiyli  view  of  the  I'nioii  Hills, 
which  is  net  fotiml  in  iitir  iiiiiiiM>(Ti|il.  —  15.  !•".  1). 

f  It  will  lie  iidlifi'il  that  the  hinijiiaL'c  chatiLres  In  "this  island''  (Seal  Isliiml), 
its  if  there  wi'rc  (iiilv  one  islaml  wurtli  ineiitiiiiiiiitr.  .Strachey  errs  in  siiyiiig  tliiit 
the  two  i.'.lamls  were  n; si  of  Sa;;iiilalii)C.  —  15.  F.  1). 

I  Siriichi'v  says  incorrectly,  "  turiy."  —  B.  F.  D. 

{)  <  lur  Iraiiscrilicr  writes  "zt'st."  Strachey  iiiaile  it  "  scst."  I'erliaps  it 
shiiiild  renil,  "  when  we  liiid  nsl,"  iir  caiiie  to  iiiu'lior.  —  \i.  V.  1). 


r 


80 


and  ranio  alminl  our  ships  flic  iioxt  (l;iy  rollowini;.  aliout  two  of  tlio 
clock  ill  till'  iit'tfriiooii.  We  liinl  tills  riser  t4)  lits  very  picjisaiit.  witii 
iniiiiy  sfoodiy  isJamlH  in  it,  to  In-  Imili  l;irif<(  and  deep  watt^r,  liaviii^ 
many  liraiiclit's  in  it  ;  tli.it  wliicli  wc  tnolv  licnilctli  ilscif  towards  tliu 
nortli-rast.* 

Tiicsday  iiciiii;  tlie  iSili,  ath'i-  onr  rctiiin  \\i  all  wiMit  to  tlit>  sjions 
and  tiin'i-  inside  clioici'  of  a  plai't;  tor  our  plantation,  wlildi  is  at  tin; 
xcry  nioiitii  or  cniry  of  tlic  rivrr  of  Sa^addiockf  on  llir  west  t-ido  of 
liic  ri\cr,  i)('iiiif  aiuuist  an  island  f  of  a  irood  Itiifiicss.  ^^'llilst  we  were 
upon  tile  shore,  there  came  in  three  caiiois  l>y  us.  hut  they  wonhl  not 
I'oinc  near  ns.  hut  rowed  up  the  rixcr,  ami  so  passed  away. 

Wednesday  iieiiiii  tli''  l''''i  of  An^nst,  we  all  went  to  the  shore, 
wliere  we  made  choice  t'ur  onr  phinlatiini.  and  there  we  had  a  sermon 
delivereil  niilo  ns  ity  our  preacher,  and  after  llui  sermon  our  patent 
was  re;id  with  the  orders  and  laws  therein  prescrilwd ;  then  we 
returned  ahoard  our  ship  aLfiiin. 

Tliiirsday  lieinir  the  •JOiii  of  Anumst,  all  onr  company  landed 
and  there  lieii'iin  to  foi-iit'y.  Our  president.  ( ':ipt;iiii  I'cpham.  sei  the 
lirst  spit  of  i;ronnd  iiiito  it.  ami  alter  him  all  the  rest  t<d!(jwed,  ;ind 
lairircil  hard  in  ihe  Irenches  aiioiit  it. 

Friday,  the  21st  of  Aniinsi.  jill  liamls  iahoi-ed  hard  ahoiit  the  fort, 
sonic  in  tlie  trench,  some  for  faLiiiols.  and  our  ship  carpeiilers  ahont 
the    liiiildiiii:   of  a    Miiall   pinnace  or  shallop. 

Saliinlay,  the  '22i\  of  .Vnunsf,  Captain  I'ophaui  (>arly  in  the  morn- 
ing' departed  in  his  shallop  to  i;o  for  the  river  of  l*a>liipakid\e.| 
'liiere  they  hail  parley  with  the  savaijes  aifain,  who  delivei'ed  unto  them 
that  ihey  had  heeii  at  w.ars  with  Sasaiioa.  and  had  slain  his  son  in 
tiifht,      Skidwarrcs  and  Dehanada  were  in  this  tii^dit. 

Sunday,  the  '2-'»\,  onr  pie>ideiit,  Captain  l*opliam,  rt^tiirncd  unto  ns 
from  the  river  of  I'ashipscoke. 

'I'he  -ilth  all  laltored  alioiit  tlie  fort. 

'I'ncsday.  the  "i.uli,  Captain  (iiliicrt  emharkcd  liimself  and  fifteen 
othi'rs  witii  him  to  u'o  to  the  we>t\\ard  upon  some  di.-covcry,  hut  the 
wind  was  coMrary  and  foi I  him  iiack  a^ain  (lie  same  day. 

The  2lptli  ami  27tli  all  lalioied  hard  ahoiit  the  fort. 

Friday,  the  2Sili.  Captain  CilJH'rl,  with  fonriecn  othiM's.  myself  hein^ 
one.  emiiarkeil  him  to  ^o  to  the  westward  ai;aiii  ;   so  the  wind   serviuu 


•  They  dourly  knew  the  Anih-nscosij^in  Iji'miicIi.  l)iit  they  aseemleil  the  true 
Kemiclicc,  Miiil  must  have  hmcIicmI  the  vicinity  of  .\iijiiistii  —  W.  V.  I). 

t  The  rciiiM>iilii  of  Sahiiii).  Slriiclny  tjivcs  Ihe  M-^t  of  otHrirs  apipniiilod  : 
"(ii'ortic  l'o|ih.im.  yciit.,  \va>  noniinutccl  I'lcsidciit  :  Caiiliiiii  li;ilii;^h  (iilliiTt, 
Jiiiiii's  Diivifs,  Kichanl  .Scyincr,  I'lciichcr,  ('ii|itiiin  l^ichaiil  Davie-*,  Capitiin 
Harlow  .  .  ,  were  all  sworiie  assistants, "  ("  llistorie  of  Tiiivaih',"  p.  IT'J.) 
Smith  says  in  his  "(iciicial  Historic,"  "  That  ihiiiourahh'  patron  of  virtue,  .Sir 
.John  I'ophMiii,  Liinl  Chii't  Jnstirc  oi  I'aijilaini,  .  .  .  sent  ('..[ilaiii  (icor-zc  I'op-. 
ham  tor  I'rcsiiliiit,  Captain  IJawU'ifjh  (iilhcrt  for  .\iliiiiral.  I'MwanI  llarhiw, 
.Ma«Icr  of  the  <  trihiance,  ('a|itaiii  IJohcrt  Davis.  Serjeant-Major,  ( 'aplain  KIMs 
MesI,  Marsha!!,  .Mr.  I.caman,  Scia'clary.  Captain  .lames  Davis  to  he  ('aplaiiu'  ot 
the  Kort,  Mr.  (iome  Carew  to  lie  searclier  :  All  those  were  of  llie  counoil."  — 
B.  F  D. 
.  t  SheeiKscot.  —  B.  F.  D. 


im 

wi 
th 

ol 

an 

nil 

H<i: 

VK 


81 


hr  true 


wp  sailed  Ity  m.-iiiy  gnllaiit  islaiid.*.  iiml  towards  iiijilit  tlir  wind  r.ninc* 
contrary  a!.Minst  iis,  so  iliat  wi:  wt-ri'  consti'uinrd  to  iriiiain  ilial  iii;:lit 
under  tliu  lifiuiland  called  Senicaniis  *  wliei'c  we  Connd  the  land  to  lie 
ino>l  fertile,  llie  trees  i.n'owihi:  tiiere  doili  exceed  tor  goodness  :iii(l 
lenjiih,  iieiiiif  till'  most  part  of  tlieni  oak  and  walnut,  uruwini;  a  ureal 
i^piK'e  asunder  ono  troni  the  oilier,  as  our  parks  ''<  Kn^iand.  and  no 
thicket  ^rouiii!^  undei'  thi'in.  I  lere  wc  alMi  found  a  <_'allanl  jilai-e  to  for- 
tify.|  whom  nature  it>elt'  hath  already  framed,  wiihout  the  hand  of  man, 
with  a  ruiniiiii:  stream  of  water  hard  adjoininj.'  under  the  foot  of  it. 

Saturday,  li'.lth  of  Auiiust.  early  in  the  moinini{  we  departcil  from 
thence,  and  rowed  to  the  westward,  foi'  that  tin'  wind  was  a>,'iiinst  ns ; 
liut  the  wind  hlew  so  hard  that  forced  us  to  remain  nndei-  an  i>land 
two  leagues  from  the  place  we  icmained  the  niulit  fefore.  Whilst  we 
remained  imder  this  island  there  pas>ed  two  canoes  liy  us;  afler  mid- 
niuhl  we  put  from  this  i-iand  in  hope  to  ha\e  iiolteii  the  phu'e  wr 
doired.  Iiul  ihe  wind  aro>e  ami  lilew  so  iiard  at  soutii-wesl  contrary  for 
us  tliat  forced  us  to  ntnrn. 

Sunday  hein^  the  ."idih  Anjrust.  retui'ninir  hefore  the  wind  we  sailed 
liy  many  i^oodly  islands,  for  itelwixt  lhi>  hi'ailland  called  Semeamis 
an<l  the  risii'of  Sajiadelmck.  is  a  ifreal  i)ay  in  the  which  lyeili  so  many 
islands,  and  so  thick  .and  near  toL:ellier  that  you  cannot  will  discern  \o 
ianni)er  them.  \et  may  you  ^o  in  hetwixt  them  in  a  i.rood  shij).  for  \()u 
shall  have  never  less  water  than  eii;ht  falhonis.  These  islands  an;  all 
over<ir(twn  with  woods,  very  thick,  as  oaks,  walnut,  pine  trees,  and 
many  other  thin;:s  iirowinj:.  as  sarsaparilla,  hazel-nuts,  and  wliorLs  in 
aiiundance.  i 

So  this  day  we  rdurned  to  our  fort  at  Satiadehock. 

•Monday  lieinir  die  la<l  of  Aui:'ust,  nothing  ha|ipenei| ;  Imii  all 
laliore(i  for  the  huildinij  of  the  fort,  and  for  the  storehouse,  to  receive 
our  victual. 

Tuesday,  the  Isi  of  Septemliei'.  there  came  a  canoe  unto  us  in  tlm 
which  was  two  j:real  kettles  of  ln'ass  ;  some  of  our  company  did  parley 
with  them;  hut  they  did  rest  \ery  douiitful  ef  us.  and  would  not  sutfer 
moi'e  than  one  at  a  time  to  come  near  unto  them,  so  he  departed. 

'I'iK.'  second  day.  third  and  fmrlh.  nolhinii  hap)>ened  worth  the 
wriiini;,  hut  tliat  I'.ach  m;in  did  his  liest  endeavor  for  tin;  hiiildinj;  of 
tin-  fort. 

Saturdiiy  l)ein<.'  the  ."ith  of  Septemher,  there  came  into  the  entrance 
oftherivfr  of  Sai;adehock.  nine  canoes,  in  the  which  w;is  Deiianaila 
and  Skidvvaives  wii ;i  many  others,  in  the  whoh;  near  forty  persons, 
men,  woimn,  and  eiiildren  ;  they  came  and  parleyed  with  us.  ami  wo 
Jiifain  used  them  in  all  friendly  iiiiimn'r  we  could,  and  i;ave  tiu'iu 
victuals  for  to  eat. 

So  Skidw;irres  iind  one  more  of  them  stayed  wiili  us  miiil  nii;ht.  Tin; 
rest  of  them  withdrew  them  in  their  canoes  lo  the  further  side  of  the 
river;  hut  when  niuht  came,  foiliiat  Skidwarres  would  needs  "'o  lo  the  rest 


*  Cupo  Kliznbctli.— n.  F.  1). 

t  On  that  ca|ic  siaiids  Koit  Preble.  —  15.  F.  I). 


32 


of  liis  coiupaiiy.  ('nptiiiii  fJillMTt.  Jic('niii|);uii(Ml  with  .liiiuts  D;ivis  iiml 
(';i|it:(iii  Kllis  I'x'si,  took  tlii'iii  into  uiir  Itiiitt  ami  cai'iii'il  !li)-iii  to  llit-ir 
(•iiiii|(aiiv  1)11  til''  tiiillMir  side  tin*  river.  uikI  tlicfc  r-'iiiaiiicd  aimmyst 
tiii'iii  all  the  iiiiiiil,  ami  tarlv  in  ilic  iiioniiiii;  the  sava^i's  (li'iiurtcd  in 
llit'ir  caiiof's  lor  tlic  v'lwv  (jf  l't'iiia((iii(l,  id'oinisiiiii  Capiaiii  (iilltcrt  to 
iiccoinpaiiy  liim  in  tiit-ir  taiioi's  to  llu;  rivi;r  of  IViiobskotl,  where  th»i 
ISa^halir  rctiiaini'tli. 

'riic  titli  iiotliiiiir  hapi  cncd  ;  the  Ttli  our  ship,  the  "  Mary  ami  .Fohii," 
licirau  to  (iisi'harjfc  h'.'r  victuals, 

I'ucsdiiy  hfiii;,'  tin-  Sih  ol'  Scptriiilicr,  Caplaiii  Ptilhcrt,  acooiiipaiiifd 
with  tWiiily-lwo  others.  Mi\>eit'  lieiuir  one  ol  tlnni.  departed  from  the 
fort  to  {JO  tor  the  rivtjr  ot'  I'euoliskoli,  liikiiiji  with  him  divt;rs  sorts  of 
nierehaiidise  for  to  trade  with  Hashalie.  who  is  the  ehiif  eoinmuiider  of 
those  |iarts;  hut  the  wind  was  eontraiy  against  him.  so  that  he  eould 
Hot  come  to  Hahanaila  and  Skidwarri's  at  the  lime  appointed,  tor  it 
was  thti  elcx'eiith  day  het'ore  he  coidil  i:<t  to  ;he  river  of  rema«[ui(l, 
wiiere  they  ilo  make  their  ahode. 

Friday,  the  llth,  in  the  morning  early  we  came  into  li.e  I'i.crof 
I'emaipiid,  there  to  call  Xahaiiada  and  Skidwarres,  as  we  had  prom- 
ised tliem,  hut  heih<f  there  arrivetl  we  found  no  li\inii'  creature;  they 
all  were  odiie  from  thence  :  the  which  we  percri\  inu:,  pnseiilly  departed 
towards  the  river  of  l'eiiol)-.kott,  sailini,' all  this  ilay  and  the  I  L'tii  an<l 
l.'Ith  tin-  like,  yet  hy  no  means  could  we  lind  it.*  So,  our  victual 
beinji  spent,  we  hastt'ii  to  reiurn.  So  ilu;  wnid  came  fair  tor  us,  and 
v.'e  sailed  all  the  t'ourieenth  and  liflecnlh  days,  in  returiiinij,  the 
wind  hlowinj;  very  iiartl  at  north,  and  tiiis  morning,  the  tifteeniii  day, 
we  perceived  |a]  hla/in^  start  in  ilm  north-east  of  us. 

■|'he  Kith,  17th.  isth.  UMli,  I'dth,  I'lst,  22<1,  nothini.'  happened,  hut 
all  labored  hard  aliout  the  fort  and  the  stoi'cjiouse  for  to  land  our  \  ictuals, 

'i"he  2.')cl  beinj;  \\  <diiesday.  Captain  (iilbert.  accompanied  with 
nineteen  others,  myself  one  of  them,  departed  from  th(^  foit  to  jxo  for 
the  head  of  the  river  of  Sav.'aileho<'k,  Wf  sailed  all  the  day;  so  did 
we  the  like  the  21lh  until  the  eveniui:.  then  we  laixled  thci'e  to  remain 
that  ninht.  llei'c  we  found  champion  land  and  exceedin^j;  fertile;  so 
here   we  remained  all   ni^ht. 

'I'he  2."»lh  beiii^r  Friday,  eaily  in  the  moriiiiii|;  we  departed  fi'om  hence, 
and  sailed  up  the  riser  about  eiiiht  UtaiiUes  farther,  until  we  came 
unto  an  island,  liein^  low  land  and  flat.  At  this  island  is  a  i;reat  down- 
fall of  water,  the  which  vunneth  by  both  sides  of  tiii>  i-land,  very  swill 
uiid  shallow.  In  this  island  we  found  irreat  store  of  grapes,  exceediiii; 
good  and  sweet,  of  two  sorts,  both  red,  but  the  one  of  them  is  a  nnir- 
vellous  deep  red.  liy  both  tin-  sides  of  this  river  the  i.Mapcs  i;i()W  in 
alinndaiiee.  anil  also  very  jfnod  hops,  and  also  chebollsj  and  irarlic, 
and  for  the  goodness  of  the  land  it  doth  so  far  abound  that  I  cannot 
.almost  express  the  .same.  Here  we  all  went  ashtue,  and  with  a  stron-f 
ro|)e  made  fast  t(»  our  boat  and  one  man   in   her  to  ynide  hei-  af^ainst 


*  If  Woymnntli  or  I'rinfr  liitii  visited  that  river  in  lHOiWJ,  I'opiiiun  would 
doulilless  liMvu  liMil  lielter  ilirectioMs  tur  liiitlinjr  it.  —  15.  I'.  D. 

t  A  nit'leor.  —  U.  V.  I).  i  A  !>niiill  onion.  —  U.  F.  I). 


8? 


(1    witli 

Jfll     III!' 

SO  <li<l 

iciiiaiii 

iUU:  ;   NO 

ni  hciirc. 

(■     CMIIK! 
t  (loWll- 

IV  .suit't 

.NClM'llillii 

ii  mar- 
row ill 
I  liiirlii!, 

(•;min)t 
a  >tronjf 

iifjiiiist 


tho  swift  stroani,  wo  phickod  lior  up  tlirongli  it  porforoo.  After  we  liad 
piiMsi'd  iliis  (litwiit'iill  we  all  wi'iit  into  our  lioiit  airitiii,  ami  rowtMJ  near  ;i 
Ica^iM'  fiiriiirr  up  iiiio  the  ri\  cr,  anil  iii^lil  liciiii;  at  liaiid,  \vc  lirrc  -.laved 
all  iiiiflit,  and  in  the  first  of  tlio  ni<!lit,  about  ten  of  the  clock,  there  camo 
on  the  farther  bide  of  the  river  certain  savaiies,  ealliiin;  nnto  us  in  hro- 
ken  lOuLiiish.  Wo  imswered  them  again,  so  for  this  time  they 
departed. 

'I'he  ■ilJlli  heiiiii  Saturday,  ther(>  camo  a  raime  unto  us.  and  in  tiieio 
four  savajics,  them  that  had  spoken  unto  ns  in  the  nii,dif  iiefor'".  Mis 
name  that  came  unto  us  is  Salienor  ;  he  makeili  hinisi'lf  unto  us  to  ho 
ivo.  ,1  of  the  river  ot  Sai;adehoi  k.* 

[They  eutertaiiu'd  him  friendly,  and  took  him  into  their  lioat  and 
presented  him  with  some  tritlin;;  thin:;-.,  whic-h  he  ai'ccpicd  ;  iiowiirit, 
he  desired  ^onie  one  of  our  men  lo  lie  pni  into  his  canoe  a^  ;i  jiawn  for 
his  safely,  whereupon  Captain  (Jilliert  sent  in  a  man  of  his.  when  pres- 
ently the  canoe  rowed  uway  from  them,  wilii  ail  the  >|peid  they  I'ouid 
make,  up  the  river.  'I'hey  followed  with  the  >haiio|).  having  i;reat 
care  that  the  Saiiamo  should  not  leap  overlioard.  Tiie  ciMioe  (piickly 
rowed  from  thi'iii  and  lauded,  and  the  men  m.ide  to  tlieii  houses,  liein<r 
near  a  lea;.Mie  in  the  hind  from  the  river's  side,  and  carried  our  man 
with  them,  'i'he  shallop,  makinir  j-'ood  way.  at  leiiulh  came  unto 
another  downfall,  which  was  m)  shallow  and  so  swift  that  l>y  no  means 
they  could  jiass  .any  furthi'r:  for  which  Captain  ( iiliieit.  with  nine 
olhei's.  landed  and  took  their  fare,  the  savaite  Sairamo.  with  them,  and 
went  in  search  after  the.«e  othei'  sa\a;;es.  whose  hou>es.  the  .S;n;,iiii() 
told  Captain  (iilhert.  weri'  not  f.ir  otf;  and  .after  a  irood,  tediou.s 
mareh.  they  came  indeed  at  leni.'th  unto  those  savaues'  houses,  where 
they  found  near  tifly  aiile  men.  very  .-.iroiitj  and  tall.  su<'h  as  their  like 
before  they  had  not  seen,  ail  new  |)aintiil.  and  armed  witli  their  hows 
and  arrows.  ilowiieit.  alter  tiiat  the  Sa;:amo  hail  talked  with  them, 
they  deiiveieil  hack  ;ii;ain  the  man.  and  n>ed  all  tiie  rest  very  friendly, 
as  did  ours  the  like  liy  them,  who  showed  them  their  couunodities  of 
heads,  knives,  and  some  copper,  of  which  they  seemed  very  fond,  and 
hy  way  of  trade  made  .show  that  they  would  come  down  to  the  lioat, 
and  there  lirinir  such  thinjis  as  they  had  lo  exchamif  them  for  ours. 
So  Captain  (iilitert  departed  from  them,  and  vviihin  half  an  hour  after 
he  had  iiotteii  to  his  hoal.  there  came  three  ennoes  down  imto  them, 
and  in  them  some  sixteen  savages,  and  hrouizht  with  them  some 
toltacco.  ;ind  certain  small  skins  whicli  were  of  no  value,  which  Cap- 
tain CJilliert  perceivimf,  .and  that  they  had  nothing  cdse  wheiewith 
to  trade,  he  caused  .all  his  men  to  come  alioard,  and,  as  he  would 
liave  j)iit  from  the  shore  ;  the  sava<:es,  perceivinji  so  umcli,  subtly 
devised  how  tliey  mii.dit  put  oui  the  lire  in  the  shallo]).  I)y  which 
means  they  saw  they  should   be  free  from   the  dunjier  of  our  mou'.s 


•  Wliiii  fullovvs,  in  ln'Mckels,  is  \v;mliiiir  in  Ilii'  Liiniliclli  Lilirarv-  niiintiseript. 
It  is  tiiki'M  troiii  till'  l{iiiUi'i:in  viTsioii  ot  .Stniclicy's  work,  the  liiimliiT  "f  llie 
niiiiiiiscii|it  lieiiif;  IT'iM.  'I'lie  niirtiilivc  ill  tlie  LMinlu-tli  iii!iMiiscri|)t  eiuls  ali- 
nijitiy  at  the  liottiini  iit'  tlit.'  last  leaf,  as  tliiiiii.Mi  tlic  tiilliiwin^  pa^'es  liail  lii-cn 
ri'innvt'il.  This  iinrtimi  in  lirackcts  CDrrespoiuU  with  iinj^es  170-180  in  iStra- 
cliey's  primed  viihunc.  —  B.  F.  I). 


84 


\ 


picfcs  ;  !iin1.  tn  |iri'f(irm  tlif  sanic.  oin^  <if  tlir>  sjivngcs  rMtiic  into  tli(< 
sliiilli)|i.  :mmI  t.'i.Kiii^  till-  tirclii'iinil,  wliidi  iiiic  oi'  (iiir  Cdiiiiiaiiy  lidil 
ill  liis  Iniiiil  llirnliy  l<>  liiilit  tlio  iii!itcli<'s,  um  if  lie  would  li;;lit  u  |ii|i(! 
nf  tiiliiii'co,  iiN  sddii  as  III-  liail  ^iiilrii  it  into  liis  IimihI  In-  |)ri'>rnllv 
lliirw  il  into  tlir  vv.'ilri' ami  Irapi-il  onl  of  tin;  .sliallo|i.  ('ajtiMin  (iil- 
hcrt,  s(;cin<;  tliut,  smliii-nly  (■oiniiiaiiilcil  his  iiiimi  to  lit-taki'  tlirni  to 
tlirir  inuskrts.  aiiil  tin-  tai'i.n-tii-1's,  too,  IVoin  tin-  lii-ail  of  tin-  lioal,  ami 
liailr  out!  of  lilt!  inrii  Im-Ioit.  with  liis  tari,'rt  on  liis  aim,  to  sti-p  on 
llio  sliom  for  inort-  t'wr ;  tht-  sa\a;ii('H  n-sisti-d  liiin.  ami  wmilil  not 
MiU'cr  liiiii  to  taUi'  any.  iiml  soiiii-  otlii-rs  liolilini;  fast  llir  lioat  ropu 
tiiat  tlu-  slialloj'.  coiilil  not  put  oil'.  Captain  (Jiliii-rl,  caiiscil  tin-  iniis- 
kctrrrs  to  pri'si'iit  tln-ii-  pit-i-i-s,  tin-  wliirli  llir  sava;rt-s  sci-ini;.  pi'i-s- 
<-ntlv  It't  u'o  till-  Itoat  rope,  ami   lictook  tln-in  to  tlirir  liows  ami  arrows, 


i)llt     llill     lllll     >lluol, 

iH'itlu-r  llill  iMii's  at  llinn.  So  tin-  >liallop  ijcpartnl  tVoin  tlinii  to  tin- 
Inrilii-r  siilr  of  tin-  ri\rr,  win-ir  om-  of  tin-  ranoi>  rami-  niilo  tlii'in,aml 
won 
sliow  as 


mil    ran    into   tin-    lin>lirs,   norkin;;    lln-ir  arrow- 


Id  IniM- cM-nsril   iIk;   I'aiilt   of  tin- ollicrs.      Cajilain    (iillii>rt    niado 
if  111-  wen- .still    fri<'nd>,  and   rntcrlainrd   tlinn   Uiiidl\,  and  >o 


lift  lliriii,  ri-tnrninii  to  tin-  placi-  wlnn-  In-  had  lodiivd  liir  nielli. 
Ill-fore,  and  thci'i-  lann-  to  an  am-hor  for  that  niulit.  'i'ln-  lirad  of  this 
ri\rr  siaiidcth  in  l-'i^  and  odd  ininutrs.*  rpmi  tin-  coiitim-nt  thry 
foiiiul  aiinmlanri-  of  sprin-c-trri-s,  .siicli  as  an-  alile  to  mast  ilio 
•iri-ali'st  ship  his  maji-sty  halh,  and  many  olln-r  ti-rrs,  oak.  walnut, 
jiin(--appli'  :  (isli  ahnndancr ;  ureal  stori;  of  ^raprs.  hops,  and  i-hilialls; 
also  tlii-y  found  iM-i'tain  cods  f  in  which  llii-y  siippn^i-d  tin-,  cotton  wool 
to  ^row,  and  also  upon  the  lianks  many  slu-lis  of  pt-arl. 

27tli.  ll(-rc  thi'V  set  lip  a  cross  and  tln-n  rettirmd  hoincuard.  in 
the  way  seekinir  tin-  hy-riM-r  of  some  note  called  Sasanoa.  This  day 
and  the  next  they  son;;lit  it,  when  the  weather  tiii'iieil  foul,  and  lull  of 
foi^  and  rain;  they  made  all  haste  to  the  fort,  hefore  which,  ihe  2'.lth, 
tiicy  arrived. 

f'iOtli.  and  ist  and  iM  of  ( )ctol)er,  all  hnsy  alioiit  the  fort. 

.'id.      'riieie  c.-iine  a  canoe  unto  some   of   the    people    of   the   fort,  as 


fhe\     were 


lishiii";   on    tin-   sand,    in    which    was    Skidw 


ires,  WHO  iiailo 


them  tell  their  proideiit  that  Nahanaila,  with  tin-  l)a>lialiai"s  hmlhcr 
and  others,  w(-i'(-  on  the  fnrtln.'r  .>ide  of  tin-  ii\  cr,  mnl  ihe  next  day  would 
come  iUid  visit  him. 

Ith.  'I'ln-re  came  two  canoes  to  the  fort,  in  which  were  Xahaiiada 
and  his  wife,  and  Skidwan-s,  .-iiid  the  Ua-shaltae's  hrother,  and  one  other 
called  Amenipiin,  a  Saijamo;  all  whom  the  president  feasted  ami  enter- 
tained with  all  kindness,  liolh  that  day  and  the  next,  which  hi-inir 
Sunday,  tin-  president  ciirri(-il  them  with  him  to  tin-  place  of  piihlic 
prayi-rs,  which  tin-y  were  at  lioth  morning  and  evening,  atti-nding  it 
with  gr(-at  n-xen-in-e  and  silence. 

•  ith.  'I'ln-  savag(;s  ilepurtcd,  all  exi.-ept  Ainein|iiiii.  tin-  Sagaino, 
who  would  in-eds  stay  amongst  oni-  pcojile  a  long  tinn-.  Ipnii  the 
«lepartur(-  of  the  others,  the  president  ga\i-   unto  every  one   of  th»-ni 


*  'I'liis  liititinli'  is  too  lii^li.     It  was  guess-work  or  a  cluricul  error.  —  15.  F.  1). 
t  An  oil!  tiriii  iin-  /loils.  —  IJ.  V.  1). 


\ 


85 


:l 
■r 

M'- 

lie, 
it 

no, 

'111 

1). 


cnppor  1)P!1(1h  or  kniscs,  wliirli  ooiitfiifod   tluMii    not  !i  little,  ns  nlso 

«u!i'. .'(I   !i    iiiCNcnt    unto    llic    Hiisslialtiic's  hiollici'  to  lie    iiirsciitiMl 

unto  liussaliii,  1111(1  aiidllin-  tor  liis  wife,  ^'ivilllr  liini  to  iiiiiici-staiiil  lliiit 
h<-  would  coiiio  unto  liis  court  in  tlie  river  of  l'ciioi)S(>ot,  iuxl  sec  him 
very  sliortiy,  hriiiginir  niiiiiy  such  like  of  his  country  <'onnno(litit'H 
willi  hiui. 

You  nmy  plcust!  to  uinlcrstaiiil  how,*  while  this  luisincss  wiis  thus 
followed  here,  soon  after  thi'ir  lirst  arrival,  that  iiad  iles|)atched  away 
Captain  Holierl  Davies,  in  the  "  Mary  and  dohii,"  to  advertise  hotli 
of  tlicir  save  arrival  ami  ('orwar(hiess  of  tlieir  olantation  wilhiii  the 
river  of  Sachadehoc,  with  Ictlcrs  to  liie  Lord  ( 'hief  .Justice,  iniportini- 
injf  a  supply  foi'  tlie  nio>t  necessary  wants  in  the  sul»!*istinif  of  ;i 
colony  to  lie  sent  unto  them  hetinie-  tlie  next  year.t 

departure,    ihey    tully    liiMslied    the    fort, 


Aflei'    Caul; 


1) 


ivies 


trenched  and  I'ortitied  it  with  twejxc  jiicces  of  ordnance,  and  iiiiilt 
lifty  {  houses  therein,  iioidi'  a  chnri'h  and  st'irehoiise  ;  and  the  cai'peii- 
ters  framed  a  pretty  pinnace,  of  alMiiil  diirly  toil,  whicli  they  called 
the '•  N'iryinia,"  the  chief  shipwright  heinjf  onu  Diuhy,  of  Lomlon. 
Many  di>coveries,  likewise,  had  lieeii  made,  hoth  to  the  main  and  unto 
the  nei'dilMiiiim'  rivers,  and  tne  frontier  iiati(Uis  fiillv  disco\ci'ed  hv  the 
dililiciici!  of  Captain  (lilliert.  had  not  the  winter  proved  so  oxtremo 
uiiseasonahle  and  frosty;  for  it  lieiiiif  the  year  ItiO?,  when  the  ex- 
traordinary frost  was  felt  ill  most  jiartsof   Kuroi)e.  it  was  here  likewise 


as  velieini'iit,  hy  which  no   boat  coidd   stir  upon  any  husiiu 


11 


ow- 


beit. 


as   time  and   occasion   "ave   leave,   there   was   not  hum'  omittc 


C( 


which  could  add   unto  the  lieiielit    or   knowleiliio   of  the    planters,  for 
which,  when  Captain    I)a\ies  ai'iived   there  in   the  year  followiiii;  (set 


out  from  '1  op>ani,  the  port  town  o 


f   Ivxciter,  with 


a  ship  laileii 


full   of 


VK'tiial 


( 


icorue 


1' 


inns,    instninieiits.    and 
'ohiiani,  the   |lre^idelll, 


tool 


vVi 


allieit    he    found    Mi 


am 


d   sonu;  other  dead,  yet  he   found 
I  iiiaii\'  kinds  of  furs  olilained  from 


all  tliiin;s  in  a  m»od  forwardne 
the  Indians  hy  way  of  trade,  i^'ood  store  of  sarsaparilhi  ^fathered,  and 
the  new  |)iiiiiace  all  fiiiislic<l.  I'.ut  hy  rea>on  that  Captain  Gilher. 
receiveil  letters  that  his  hrother  was  newly  dead,  and  a  lair  portion  of 
his  land  fallen  unto  his  share,  which  rcipiired  his  re|iair  home,  and 
no  iiiiiK's  discovered,  nor  hope  thereof",  heiiin'  tlu;  main  intencU'd  heiietit 
expected  to  uphold  the  charge  of  this  plantation,  and  the  fear  that  all 
the  other  winters  would  prove  like  this  lirst,  the  company  hy  no  means 
would  stay  any  longer  in  the  country,  especially  Captain  (jilhert 
being  to  leave  th- ;"  and  Mr.  l'o|)liam,  as  aforesaid,  dead  ;  wherefore 
they  all  emliarkcd  in  tlii.^  new  arrived  ship,  and  in  the  new  pinnace, 
the  "  N'irgiiiia,"  and  set  sail  for  Knglaiid.  And  this  was  the  end  of 
that  nortliein  colony  upon  tliii  Uiver  .Sachadehoe.] 

*  At  tliis  i)()int  the  style  of  StracJH'v's  narrative  chansifs.  The  Journal  f)f 
Davies  iiiay  have  hecii  exiiiiuslcil,  or  lie  may  have  CDiitinucil  it  in  Ml)>tnict,  or 
the  luirt  xvliicli  t'ollows  may  have  hceii  tirawii  from  another  linnif  —  15.  F.  1). 

t  It  is  nowhere  slated  that  tiie  "  tiitt"  returned  in  lt'i(l7.  It  is  piissilde,  not- 
withstaiidinj,'  what  minlit  he  inferred  from  JStraeliey,  that  she  reiiii;<ned  duriny; 
the  winter. —  I!.  F.  IK 

I   We  siiould  undoubtedly  readyut. — B.  F.  D. 


r 

\ 
( 

ii 

< 

I 

V 

il 
t 
o 


il 
•2 

il 

P 
(I 

I. 

w 

III 
li 
ill 
tl; 
ot 
til 

ii> 
d 

1" 

sh 

CI) 

E, 

ii;i 
ill 
of 


Pi 

COl 


APPENDIX. 


Tlio  oi'iLjIiiiil  sonrcc't  of  iurrtriiiiitinii  ronccriiiiiii  Mic  SuL^ii'lahnc  Col- 
ony, wliii'li  were  known  pn-vions  to  tlic  [inhlicjiiion  of  tlic  Slraclicy 
voliimi!  in  IHI'.i,  l(y  tli:!  iliiklnyt  SoiMoty,  wi'Vi. —  I.  Sir  Fcnlinaiulo 
(roriTi's's  "  IJi'ii'f  Narnition,"  writti-n  not  lonLr  Id'f'ort!  hi-;  di'iitli,  in  It)  17, 
iiml  Iffi  in  n>aiinsci'i|)l,  iinil  not  |iul)lisiinl  (ill  l().')8.  'I'lic  niirralivi;  is 
sti-an;i."ly  wanlinij,  in  many  parts  of  it.  in  (lat<'s ;  ami  many  of  tliu 
•  lalt's  wliicli  ail!  introilui'iMl  an-  crroncons.  Sonic  of  its  errors  aru 
pi<tliiilily  line  to  a  lack  of  memory,  others  to  a  I'anlly  press.  Not- 
willistamiiii^f  all  these  ilel'ecis.  the  iiook  is  inili>|icnsal>le,  ami  many  of 
its  errors  may  l)e  eoi'rected  liy  other  \vrilini;-i.  Only  a  small  part  of 
the  tract  rchites  to  the  Saiiailahoc  Coh)ny.  :.'.  'I'lic  '•  Uiief  Relation" 
of  til"  l*i-esii|ent  ami  Connciltor  New  I'ln^laml,  pnlilislicd  in  \t'>'2'2. 
The  Conncil  lor  Ni'W  lOnuland  was  snlistanlially  a  reincorporation  of 
IIk!  lirsl  or  Norllicrn  ('olimy  of  N'irifiniii  ;  and  inlieriled  its  traditions, 
and  cnlercd  inln  iis  laliors.  ."t.  Smith's  ••  (Jcnei'all  Historic."  p|>.  "io;), 
20  1.  pnlilished  in  HilJl.  'I'his  iiook  has  some  details  taken  from  oriif- 
iinil  source-.  I.  I'nrchao's  ••  I'lliirima^e,"  ICill.  In  the  mar;L,dn,  iit 
p.  Toll,  ami  repealed  in  the  later  editions  of  1(117  ami  I'i'i'i.  are  somo 
detached  facts  alioni  the  ciilony,  which  the  cumpMer  selectcjd  from  tho 
lettiM's  or  Jonrnals  of  tht;  <-olonists,  and  from  the  notes  of  llakhiyt, 
whose  papers  came  into  I'nrchas's  possession.  From  all  thesi-  sonr<'es 
comhined,  the  acconnt  all'orded  of  the  Sagadahoc  settlement  is  of  tlio 
most  meaifre  character.  W'l^  fail  t(»  ^et  more  than  a  tilimp'^e  et  tho 
life  of  the  ccdony  dnrin;r  the  severe  winter  they  cxperionced  there, 
and  of  the  circumstances  attendini^  the  return  of  more  than  half 
the  colonists  ill  Deceiuhci',  and  of  the  tiiial  Itreakin;;  up  and  return 
of  the  icmainder,  wiieii  the,  ship  or  *•  ships  "  came  hack  with  supplies 
tiie  next  year.  lUssides,  we  were  sadly  delicicnt  in  data  for  the 
greater  part  of  the  events.  Neiiher  did  the  Strai'hey  narrative,  piih- 
lislied  thirty  years  ayo.  supply  these  desiderata,  as  rei^ards  tiie  on- 
eludiii}]^  part  of  tilt!  colonists'  history,  nor.  indeed,  does  that  wo  now 
])iii)lisli,  which  is  sidistantially  the  ha-is  or  Strachey's  account.  Wo 
shall  yet  hav(!  to  wait  patiently  for  the  letters  or  jonrnals  of  other 
colonists,  namely,  John  Eliot,  (jieorife  Popiiam,  Raleigh  Gilliert,  and 
Edward  Harlow,  seen  hy  Purchas,  to  come  to  li^ht. 

We  now  extract  for  pul)li(!ation,  as  an  ajipendix  to  the  fore-joing 
narrative  of  the  Sagadahoc  Colony,  tht!  several  accounts  n.amed  ahovt!, 
in  order  that  the  re;ider  may  have  hefore  liim  all  the  original  sour(!es 
of  information  that  our  <'arly  chronicles  afford.  In  tho  editorial 
Preface,  we  have  already  made  several  extracts  from  these  accounts. 
We  also  append  a  brief  extract  from  Sir  William  Alexander's  '■  En- 
couragement to  Colonies." 

B.  F.  D. 


38 


From  Sir  Ferdlnando  Gorges' r '■'■  Brief  Xarruliony     Loniion,  lGi')8, 

pp.  8-10. 

"  Tlie  Desjiatcli  <if  the  First  Pliintiitioii,  for  tlie  Sol'oihI  Colony  sent  from 

I'lyiuoiitli." 

"By  tlic  sitmc  aiitliority  all  tilings  fully  ajrrccd  uikhi  hctwocii  both 
the  C'oloiiios,  the  Lord  Chief  Justice  [I'opliain].  his  IVieiuls  and  asso- 
ciates of  tli(>  AVcst  Country,  sent  fi'om  I'lynioutli  Captain  I'opliani  as 
|)r(  sidont  for  that  employ nient,  wit li  ('aptain  IJawley  (JillH-rt  and  divers 
otlier  gentlemen  of  note  in  tlu'{;e  sail  of  ships*  with  one  iiundred  land- 
men, tor  the  seizing  such  a  place  as  they  were  directed  unto  hy  the 
C(>'U\cil  of  tliat  cohmy,  who  departed  from  the  coast  of  England  the 
one  and  thirtieth  day  of  May,  A.  D.  I(i(l7,  anil  arriscd  at  their  rendez- 
vous the  yth  of  August  following;  as  soon  as  the  president  had  taken 
not'ce  of  the  place,  and  given  order  tV)r  landing  the  provisions,  ho 
despatched  away  ('ai)tain  (iillH'rt.  willi  S]<itwarres  his  guide,  for  the 
thorough  discovery  ot  the  ri\crs  and  haliitations  of  the  natives,  hy 
whom  lie  was,  brought  to  several  ot  them,  wherc^  he  tnund  i'i\il  enter- 
tainment, and  kiml  respects,  far  from  brutish  or  savage  natiu'cs,  so  as 
they  siiddeidy  became  f;nniliar  friends,  especially  by  the  means  of 
Deliamda  and  S'ulwarrers,  who  had  been  in  England;  Dehamda  being 
sent  l)y  the  Lore,  Child' .lustice  with  Cajjtain  Trin,  and  Skitwarres  by 
me  in  companv.  so  as  the  ])resident  was  earnestly  entreated  by  Sasse- 
now,  Aheremet,  and  others  the  |)ri!icipal  Sagamores  (as  they  call  their 
great  lords),  to  go  to  liie  Bashalias,  who,  it  seems,  was  their  king,  and 
litdd  a  stat(!  agreeable,  expecting  that  all  strangers  slmuld  have  their 
address  to  him,  not  he  to  them. 

'"To  whom  the  pi'csident  would  have  gone  after  several  invitations, 
hut  was  hindei'ed  by  cross  winds  and  fold  weatln^r,  so  as  \n\  was 
forced  to  I'eturn  bai:k,  without  making  good  what  he  had  promised, 
much  to  the  grief  of  {\wm\  Sagamores  that  were  to  attend  him.  The 
Bashabas  notwithstanding,  hearing  of  his  misfortum',  sent  his  own  son 
to  visit  him,  and  to  beat  a  tra<le  with  him  i'or  furs.  How  ii  suc- 
ceeded, I  could  not  understand,  for  that  the  ships  were  to  be  despatched 
away  for  England,  the  winter  bi'ing  already  come  ;  for  it  was  the 
fifteenth  day  of  December  bel'oi'e  they  set  sail  to  ri'turn,  who  itrought 
with  them  the  success  of  what  had  ]iast  in  that  employnu'Ut,  which  so 
soon  as  it  came  to  the  Lord  Chief  Justice's  hands,  he  gave  out  order  to 
the  comicil  for  sending  them  back  witii  su])plies  necessary. t 

"  Tlu!  supplies  being  furnished  and  all  things  ri'ady  only  attending 
for  a  fair  wind,  which  happened  not  before  the  news  of  the  Chief 
Justice'-s  death  was  posted  to  them  to  lie  transported  to  the  discondbrt 
of  the  i)oor  planters  ;  but  the  shi|)s  arriving  there  in  good  time  was  a 

*  Straclipv,  and  our  narrative,  wliicli  lie  iisctl,  and  tlic  "Brief  Kelatioii,"  say 

tifo  .sA//-.s'.  —  15.  f''.  I). 

t  Sir  fY'niinaiulo's  ir.oniory  is  licrc  at  faiiit.  Ciiief  .Iiisticc  I'opliam  liad  died 
as  early  as  ilie  7lh  .Iiiiie,  1(!()7,  a  week  only  after  tlie  expiMlition  sailed  for 
Sayadahoc.  His  son,  Sir  t'rancis  l'o|iliain,  int<:resti'(l  liiiiiself  in  seiuliiif;  the 
sii])]ilies.  Siracliev  s]icaks  of  fuit  one  ship  being  despatclit'd  for  laighuRl,  the 
"Mary  aiulJolin."'— B.  I-'.  I). 


89 


■p^ 


IIC- 
Wi\ 

hr, 

1-1  It 

so 

to 

lirf 

ort 

us  a 

iiy 

1'(ir 
tilt' 
thci 


<;iv;it  rcfrnsliin^  to  tlioso  tli;\t  had  liad  their  storehouse  ixiid  tn'>st  of 
tliiiir  |ii-ovisi()iis  hiiriit  the  wiiitci'  hct'off. 

"  r>(!si(h's  tliiit,  thiiv  wcrn  straiiiftilv  ])('r|»Ic.\c(l  with  the  i;ri';U  niid 
iii!S('as()ii;ilile  cold  ilicy  sutl'rrcd  with  tliat  <'xtrciiiity,  as  tlic  liki'  hath 
not  i)i'('ii  licai'd  of  ?<iiice,  and  it  seems  was  iiiiiversal,  it  heiiiif  tlie  saim; 
ye'ar  that  our  Thauies  was  so  locked  up  that  they  hiiiit  ihi'ir  lioats 
iipoM  it,  and  sold  pi-ovisioiis  of  several  sorts  lo  rliosc  that  deli;j;htttd  in 
the  novelties  of  tht;  times.  IJnt  the  uiistM'ies  they  had  past,  wen; 
nothing  to  that  they  sull'i'red  hy  the  disastrous  news  they  I'eeeived  of 
the  death  of  the  Lord  Chief  dustiee,  tliat  sudileidy  followed  the  deaiii 
of  their  [)resident ;  Imt  the  latter  was  not  so  strange,  in  that  he  was 
well  stricken  in  years  before  h(^  went,  and  had  loni^  liccn  an  inliim 
man.  Ih.iwsoi ver  hearfimeil  liy  hopes,  willinir  he  was  to  die  in  acting 
somi'thim^'  that  mii.dit  i)c  >ci-\  iei'ai)if  to  (lod.  and  honorable  to  his 
country,  i)nt  that  of  the  death  of  the  Chiel'  dustice  was  such  a  corrosive 
to  all  as  strui'k  ilieiu  with  despair  of  fnlure  remedy,  and  it  was  the 
more  auifuiented,  when  they  heard  of  the  [death  of]  Sir  dohn  Gilbert, 
elder  brother  ol'  U'dph  (Jillicrt  *  that  was  then  their  presi<h'nt.  a  man 
worthy  to  be  bdovt'd  of  them  all  for  iiis  industry  ;ind  care  for  'heir 
well  beinii'.  Tiie  jpresideiit  was  to  retnrn  to  settle  the  estate  his  Itrother 
had  left  him,  upon  which  all  ''csolved  to  (piit  tlie  place,  and  witli  one 
consent  to  [come]  away,  by  which  means  all  our  former  hopes  were 
fro/en  to  <lealh,  thoni^h  Sir  l"'rancis  I'opham  conld  not  so  ^'i\t'  it  over, 
but  continued  to  send  tliitlu'r  several  years  aftei-  in  hop(!  of  better 
forlums,  i)ut  found  it  fruitless,  and  \vas  necessitated  at  last  to  sit  down 
with  the  loss  he  had  already  nnder^one. 

"AlthoULjh  I  was  inlt'reste(l  in  all  thos(i  misfortiuu's,  ami  fbninl  it 
wholly  u'iven  over  by  the  body  of  the  adventurers,  as  well  for  that 
th(!y  had  lost  the  principal  support  of  tin;  desiirn,  as  also  that  the 
country  itself  was  braiuh'd  by  the  return  of  the  plantation,  as  being 
over-cold,  and  in  respect  of  that,  uoi  habitable  by  our  nation. 

"  Ih'siiles,  they  nmlerstood  it  to  Ix;  a  task  too  <;reat  for  particular 
persons  to  un(h'i'take,  though  th(>  country  itself,  tin'  rivers,  havens, 
liar!»(M-s,  upon  timt  coast  might  in  time  prove  profitable  to  ns, 

"  IMiesi;  last  acknowli'dgments  boimd  me  confidently  to  prosecute 
my  lirst  n'solution,  not  donlitiisg  but  (io(l  would  etlect  that  which  man 
despaired  of,  as  for  those  reasons,  the  causes  of  others'  disconrageinents, 
the  liisl  inily  was  given  to  me,  in  that  I  had  lost  so  noble  a  friend, 
and  inv  nation  so  worthy  a  subject.  .Vs  for  the  coldness  of  tin;  clime.  I 
had  had  too  nnii-li  expericuice  iu  the  world  to  bi'  frightened  with  sin'h 
a  blast,  as  knowing  many  great  kingiloms  and  large  territories  mori; 
northerly  .seated,  and  by  many  degnics  colder  than  the  clime'  from 
whence  they  came,  yet  plentifully  inhabited,  and  divers  of  them  .stored 
with  no  better  commodities  from  trade  and  commerce  than  those  parts 
alfor'eil,  if  like  industry,  art.  and  labor  be  used,  for  the  last  I  had  no 
reason  greatly  to  despair  of  means  when  (iod  shoidd  be  jdeaseil,  by 
our  (U'dinary   frequenting   that  country,  to  make  it  appear,  it  would 

*  Hawky  Gilbert.  ~  1\.  V.  D. 


40 


yi<'l<l  liotli  ])rnfit  and  contfiit  to  as  many  ns  aimed  thcroat,  lliofc  lioiiig 
truly,  for  the  most  part,  iIiP  motives  tliiil  nil  men  lal)or,  lunvsoever 
otlii-rwise  uiijoiiH;(l,  witii  fair  colors  and  goodly  siiadow.s.' 

J'Vain   "^1    lirlcf  lichitlon   af  llic   JJisrorpri/  inn/   Phtiitiilion  of  Neiv 
KiifjUnid"     London^  \^Vli,  pp.  'l-\.* 

"  IIiTcnpon  Captain  I'opliani.  Captain  Hawlcy  (iill)ert,  and  otliers 
were  sent  iiway  with  two  sliips  and  an  lumdred  landmen,  oidni.ncc, 
and  otlier  provisions  necessary  for  tiicir  sustentation  and  defence, 
until  ot'ier  supply  miulit  lie  sent.  In  tlie  mean  while,  lieiore  they 
could  return,  it  pleased  (Jod  to  lake  from  ns  thir  worthy  niemher,  (he 
Lord  Chief  .lusliec  whose  sudden  dcatli  did  so  astonish  the  hearts  of 
the  most  jiart  of  the  adxcnturers.  as  sonu'  jzifw  cold,  and  some  did 
vhollv  aliandon  the  hn>iness.  ^'et  .Sir  l'"rancis  I'ophani.  his  sen.  cer- 
tiiiii  o)  his  pri\ale  friends,  jind  other  of  us.  omitted  no!  tlie  ni'Xt  yeai', 
lioldiui;'  ou  our  lir>t  resoluli<in,  to  join  in  sending  forth  a  new  >upply, 
which  uas  aceordini;ly  peit'ornied. 

'■  l>ut  the  ships  arri\ini;  theic  did  not  only  hrin^  un:'oinfoi'talile 
news  of  the  death  of  liie  j.ord  Ciiief  .lusiice,  toireiher  with  the  death  of 
Sir  dolm  (iillieit,  tlu'  elder  liiolher  unto  Capl.ain  IJawley  (iilhert,  who 
at  that  time  was  president  of  th.it  council,  lint  found  that  the  old 
Ciijjtain  Popham  was  alst;  dead:  who  was  the  only  man,  indeed,  that 
died  there  that  winter,  wherein  they  endured  the  greater  extremities; 
for  that  in  the  depth  thereof,  theii-  lodiiiejis  and  sKucs  weie  burnt, 
an<t  they  therehy  woudnmsly  di>li'e>sed. 

"This  calamity  and  evil  ne\ss.  to;.relher  with  the  resolution  that 
Capt.ain  (iilhert  was  for<'i(l  to  lake  fni-  his  own  return  (in  that  he  was 
to  succeed  his  iii'oilier  in  the  iidieiitance  of  his  lauds  in  JOniilandi. 
nnule  the  whole  company  to  resohe  upon  nothin;;  iuit  theii' i-etuin  with 
the  ships  ;  and  for  that  present  to  lea\c  the  country  auain.  iia\in<r  in 
the  time  of  their  ahode  there  ( not  withsiandinji-  the  <'oldn;'.-s  of  tin; 
season,  and  the  small  help  they  had),  hnilt  a  prdty  iiarU  of  their 
own.  which  served  iliein  to  ^dod  purpose-,  as  easini;  them  in  their 
returning. 

"The  arrival  of  these  people  here  in  lOn^l.and  uas  a  wonderfid  dis- 
coura^enu'Ul  to  all  the  tirsi  undertakers,  insonmch  a>  there  was  no 
moi'e  speech  of  seiilinii  any  oilier  plantation  in  those  parts  for  a  lonii 
time  alter  ;  (Uily  .Sir  Francis  I'opham  ha\  iiiir  the  ships  and  provision 
which  remaimd  of  the  com|iaiiy.  and  supplyinu  what  was  necessary 
for  his  purpose,  sent  divers  limes  to  the  coasts  for  trade  and  tishinjf ; 
of  whose  loss  or  ifaiiis  himself  is  hest  aide  to  uixc  account. 


*  AfiiT  rtliiliiijr  the  simlint;  mit  of  ('a|iliiiii  llein.v  (Imiidiis.  whose  voviijre 
v;«s  "  ovcrllirdwn  ";  Mini  tlie  ilespiitcli  of  <  ':i|)l;iiii  rii(ini;is  IImiimiii,  to  "  sccoimI  " 
('liiillons,  who  coiilil  Mot  lie  touiiil  ;  iiii>l  tlint  the  I.oril  ( 'liief  .liislice  Pophani.  ami 
liis  iis-ociiiles,  (in  IliHiinii's  LivDiahle  repmliif  the  counirv,  "  waxcil  t^o  ceiitideiit 
of  the  l)iisiiii-»s.  that  the  vear  tulhiu  iiii;  every  inan  of  aiiv  worth,  foniierlv  iiiler- 
esliMJ  iu  it,  WHS  williun  to  join  in  the  chaijii'  lor  sruilinn  over  a  eoni|)eteiit  iiiiin- 
bcr  of  people  to  lay  the  ground  ot  a  hoiietiil  |ihiniation,"  the  narriilivi?  proceeds 
as  aliove.  —  U.  F.  J). 


41 


'•Our  peopio  iibiindoniiii;  tlio  plantafioii  in  tliis  sort  as  you  liavt; 
licard,  tlic  Frriicliiiii'M  iiniiicdiatcly  took  tlic  oiiportuiiity  to;  ttlc  tliciu- 
st'lvos  witliiii  oui'  limits."  * 


IH! 

ifir 
irir 

lis- 
no 
onU 
>i(>ii 
>:uy 
inn ; 


mil 
,  mill 
■lit 
iiilcr- 
iiuiii- 


From  Cajntiii  John  Sinif/i's  ^^Clcncrttll  Ilinhn-it'  <>f  Xcir  Eii<ihiiiil"  fnl. 

"  Confernint;  tliis  History  yon  aro  to  tniiloi'staii<l  tlie  Icttcrs-patonts 
granted  by  liis  Majesty  in  I  (Jot;,  toi-  tlio  I'niitation  of  Virginia.  ili<l 
oxtcnd  from  Hi'  to  -11,  wliidi  was  (li\..l(<l  in  two  parts;  namely, 
the  lii'st  colony  and  the  second.  The  first  was  to  the  hoiioralile  <'ity 
of  Loiidon.  and  such  as  would  adventure  with  them  to  discover  and 
take  their  choice  where  they  would,  lielwixt  the  deiirees  of  .">  I  and  H. 
The  second  was  appropriated  to  the  cities  of  Urislol,  I-',\eter,  and 
Plimoth,  &c.,  and  the  west  parts  of  Kiiiiland,  and  ail  those  that 
would  adventure  ami  join  witli  them,  iind  they  ini^ht  make  their 
choice  anywhei-e  hetwixt  the  dei;rees  of  ;!S  and  4  1,  pro\  ided  thire 
should  he  at  'e.ist  one  hundred  miles  distance  hetwixt  these  two  colo- 
nies, each  of  which  ha<l  laws,  pi'ivileires,  and  authority  for  the  ixovern- 
mciit,  and  advancinj^  their  several  plantations  alike.  Now  ihis  part 
of  America  hath  I'ornu'riy  lieen  called  Xoriimiiciia.  \'ii'uiiiia,  Nus- 
koncus,  P"na<iuida,  Camiada,  and  such  other  names  as  those  that  ranired 
the  coast  pleased.  Uut  hecause  it  was  so  inonntainoiis,  rocky,  and  full 
of  isles,  few  have  ad'.entureil  much  to  ti'ouhle  it,  hut  as  is  f(Uincrly 
relate(l:  notwithstaiidin<;,  that  hoiiorahle  patron  of  virtue,  Sir  dolin 
I'opluim,  l>ord  Chief  .lust ice  of  lvii;laiid,  in  the  yi-ar  IfWMi,  prcxMiicd 
ine;nis  and  men  to  possi'ss  it.  :ind  sent  {'a|il:iiii  (ieorne  Popliam  lor 
I'l'csident;  Captain  Kawley  (Jillicrt  for  Admiral;  Captain  Kdward 
Harlow,  .Master  of  the  Ordnance;  Captain  Uohert  Davis,  Sorjieaiit- 
iMajor;  Captain  Mlis  Uest.  Mardial  ;  MaNtrr  Seaman,  Secretary; 
Captain  .lames  Davis  to  he  Captain  of  the  Fort;  Master  ( ionw  Car<\v, 
Chief  Searcher.  All  those  were  of  i'  ■  Council,  who.  with  souk! 
Iiundreil  more,  were  to  stay  in  the  country.  They  set  siiil  from 
riiniduth  the  last  of  .May,  and  fell  with  .Monahiiian  the  lith  of 
Auuiist.  At  Sai;adali()ck,  nine  or  teu  leairues  southward,  they  planted 
themselves  at  tlie  mouth  of  a  fair,  naviiiahlo  river,  hut  the  coast  all 
ihereahouts  most  txtreme  stony  and  rocky :  that  (>xtreme  frozen 
winter  was  so  cold  they  could  not  rani^e  nor  search  the  counti-y,  and 
their  jirovision  so  small,  they  were  ijlad  to  send  all  hut  forty-live  of  their 
com[)any  hack  ajiain.  Tlndr  noltle  j)resident,  Captain  l*o|)liam.  dieii, 
and  not  lonu'  after  airivt'd  two  ships  well  provideil  of  all  necessaiies 
to  supply  them,  and  some  small  time  after  another,!  Iiy  whom  under- 


*  The  nurrativo  then  proceeds  to  speak  of  .\r},'airs  expeilition,  in  \vliicli  lie 
procceilpd  '•  to  (lis|)liu'c  "  the  Fri'iuhiiU'ii  who  luiil  built  forts  at  '■.Mount  .Man- 
sell,  Saint  Croix,  ;uiil  I'ort  Keall."— 15.  I'.  1). 

t  Slriichey,  p.  IT'-',  siiuaks  of  hut  one  ship  rctnrniiiir  lo  the  colon;'  wiiii  sup- 
plies, tliiit  coiiinnniiled  h,v  ('a|itiiin  (Itohertj  Diivies.  :iiMin<;.  tli.it  in  this  slilp 
and  the  new  piniiuce,  the  "Virginia,"  the  colony  "all  eniharkcd  "  for  faig- 
land.-li.  F.  D. 


42 


staiuliiii^  of  tlic  (Icatli  of  the  Lord  C'liiof  .Tiisficc.  ninl  nl^o  of  Sir  .loliii 
(lilli.'i't.  wliosc  liiiids  tlicrc  the  |ii'('si(]ciit,  IJawlcy  (Jilhcrt,  was  to 
possess,  .-id'oi'diii^  to  the  ;i(l\ (■iitiMri''s  (lii'cctioiis,  liiiiliin;'  iiolliiiijr  Imt 
r\tr(.'iii(' cxIrciMitics.  tlicy  ;ill  I'ctunicd  lor  Kntrliuid  in  tin'  vimp  1  (>(i>i, 
iiiid  (Imis  lliis  |)l;intatioii  was  hcgiiii  and  ended  in  one  year,  and  tlic 
country  esteemed  as  a  eoid,  barren,  mountainous,  rocky  de>ert." 

From  /'nrc/ias's  "  J'ifi/n'iiirif/i'."      Luinloii.  Kil  1.^;.  7')<).* 

'•  A.  i>.  1  (lit?,  was  settled  a  |iIantati()U  in  tli(^  I'iver  Sa^'adalloe  ;  the 
ships  called  the  '•  ( iift  "  and  the  "  .Mary  and  .lohn.t  hein^  sent  thither  hy 
tiiat  i'ainous  I'lni^iish  .Fu>ti<'er,  Sir  .lolni  I'opliani,  and  othei's.  They  found 
this  ('oast  of  \'iri;inia  lull  of  inlands,  hut  >afe  They  chose  the  place  of 
their  plantation  at  the  luoulh  of  Sauadaln c,  in  a  westerly  peninsula: 
there  jieard  a  sermon,  read  their  pal<'nt  and  laws,  and  liuilt  a  fort. 
Thi'y  sailed  u|)  to  discovei'  the  river  and  country,  and  eiicounlered 
with  an  i>land  wlieic  wa.-  a  i^reat  fall  of  water,  over  which  they  hauled 
tin  ir  lioat  with  a  rope,  and  came  to  another  fall,  shallow,  swift,  and 
iinpa>sal)le.  'I'hey  foiiml  the  coimtry  stored  with  urapes,  white  and 
I'eij.  ,^oo(l  lio|ts,  oni(ms.  narlie,  oaks,  walnuts,  the  soil  ;;<((!. 1.  The  head 
of  the  river  is  in  foi-ty-li\e  and  oild  minutes.  Cape  Sinieamis  in  l-'i" 
.■JO',  a  j.-.,)()d  ](lai'e  to  fortify.  'I'heir  fort  hare  name  of  Saint  (Jeorjjfe. 
Korty-tive  remained  there. .f  Captain  (ieor;:e  I'opham  liein;:  i'ri'sident, 
Haleiu'h  (jilhert,  Achniral.  The  pi'ople  seemeil  atVecle<l  with  our  men's 
devotions,  and  would  .-ay  Kiui;- .lames  is  a  unoil  kin^'.  his  (Jod  a  ^ood 
(loil,  and  Tanto  naught.  So  they  call  an  e\il  spirit  wiiich  haunts  them 
every  moon,  and  makes  them  worship  him  for  tear.  lie  commanded 
them  not  to  dwidl  near  oi-  come  amonu'  the  English.  llir<'alenint;  to 
kill  sonu^  and  inllict  sicklies,-,  on  others,  hi ■^innin^  with  two  {ii  ilieir 
Saiianios  cliildreii,  saying'  he  hail  power,  and  would  do  the  like  to  the 
Kniiiish  the  next  moon,  to  wit,  in  Decemher. 

''I'Ik^  jieople;?  tolil  our  men  of  cannibals,  near  Saiiadalioc,  with 
teeth  three  inches  loni^,  hut  tiny  saw  them  not.  In  the  river  of 
'I'amescot  they  found  oystei'>  nine  inches  in  leni;lh  ;  and  weie  told  that 
on  the  other  side  thi're  were  twice  as  lireai.  ( )n  'he  l.sih  of  .lanuary 
they  had,  in  seven  hours'  space,  ihnnder,  lii.ditninii'.  rain,  frost,  snow, 
all  in  ahundance,  the  last  continuing.  ()n  I'V'hruary  a  the  president 
died.  The  savavjes  remoM^  their  dwellini;s  in  winter  nearest  the  deer. 
They  have  a  kind  of  shoes  a  yard  lonii.  fourteen  inches  hroad.  madi; 
like  a  racket,  w  ith  strong'  twine  or  sinews  of  a  deer  ;  in  the  miil>t  is  a 
hole  wherein  they  [lut  their  foot,  hucklim^f  It  fast.  When  a  .Sa^amos 
dieth  they  hlack  themselves,  and  at  the  same  time  yearly  renew  their 
moui'iiin^'  with  i;i'eat  howling;:  as  ihey  then  did  for  Ka>huraken\'.  who 


*  III  tlio  niiirgin  of  tlie  book  from  wliicli  tins  iiccoinit  is  taken,  I'lirchiis 
])lacus  Ills  Miuhoritios.  Weliiive  llnTet'orc  plarcil  ilusc  iiiniies  at  fiiut,  leading; 
Ironi  the  wnnis  in  tlie  text  as  thoy  are  jiiveii  in  I'arclias.  — li.  F.  J). 

t  .lames  Duvios. 

X  Jo.  Khot.     (i.  Tup.  Lt't.  to  S.  I.  (JiUxrt  ami  E.  S. 

§  Hal.  (oUiurt. 


4-5 


ilif'l  tlic  yoar  holoro.  Tlioy  fi'poit  tli;it  llic  ciinnihals  luivo  :i  si\a 
Itclilml  lliciii.  They  fuiiml  ;i  liMtli  two  iiiili-i  ;ilii>iit,  so  Inil  tli.it  (licy 
could  not  ilriiik  it.  .Mr.  rullooii  wiis  slain  in  tlir  sasaiifs  of  Xaiiiioc?, 
ii  rivfi-  of -till-  'J'arfntincs.  Tlioir  siiort  comiuons*  caused  tear  of 
inn'iny.  ()iic  of  tlir  saxap's.  calli'd  AniiM(|nin,  for  a  stniu  liat  and 
kniti'  ;ii\cn  liim,  stripjxMl  iiiniMdf  of  Ids  cloliiiM^of  ln'avcr's  skins,  wortii 
in  l^ii^Iand  lifty  sldllin^s  or  tlirct!  ixiiiiids,  to  present  tlicni  to  the  j)resi- 
(lent,  leaving:  only  ii  llap  to  cover  iiis  priviti(-s.  He  woidtl  also  liavi^ 
come  with  tliiiu  lor  I-ji^land.  In  winter  they  arc  poor  land  weak, 
iind  do  not  then  coinpaiiy  witii  their  wives,  but  in  sninnier  wIk'II  they 
are  fat  anil  iiisty.  ISiii  yonr  eyes  wearieil  with  this  \orlhern  \  iew, 
which  in  that  winter  conmninicated  with  ns  in  extremity  of  cold,  look 
m>w  (or  ^I'eater  hopes  in  the  Sonihern  I'lantation,  as  tiie  rii^ht  arm  of 
this  \'iri;inian  body,  with  greater  costs  and  nninl)ers  fnrnishod  from 
hence.";!; 

J'Votn    >'//•    Williitiii    .Ui:i(()i<f)'r's   ^'  Eiiriniritiji'iiii'ut    to    Colonics,''    ^^■c. 

JauhIoii,  i  CiL'  1,  />.  .111.  ^ 

"That  which  is  now  called  New  Knijland  was  (irst  comprcIiendtMl 
within  the  |ialcnt  oi  N'ii'i^inia.  iteinu'  the  north-east  part  thercMl'.  It  was 
iindeitakcii  in  a  pat<  ni  liy  a  company  of  L^entlimeii  in  the  west  of  \'avj^- 
land.  one  of  whom  was  Sii-  dohn  I'opiiam,  thru  chief  justice,  who  sent 
the  liist  c()ni|(any  that  went  of  purpose  to  inhabit  there;  near  to  Saga- 
dahoc; bnl  those  that  went  t  hither,  beini;- pressed  to  that  enterprise,  as 
endaiiLTcred  by  the  law.  or  by  their  own  iieccssitii'S  (no  enforceil  thim;' 
pro\in^'  jdeasant.  discontented  jiersons  sntVcrinur.  while  as  they  act  can 

seldom  have  <;■ 1  success  and  nexcr  satisfaction),  they  after  .a  winter 

Slay,  dreaminu  to  themselves  of  new  hopes  at  home,  rcinriicd  liack 
with  the  tir>l  occa^inn.  ami  to  justifv  the  >nddenness  of  their  return, 
they  did  I'oin  many  cxcu-e^,  biirdenin;;  the  bonnds  where  they  had 
been  wilii  all  the  a-<pei'sions  that  po>sil)|y  ronid  (lc\  i>e.  seekin;i'  by 
tiiat  means  to  dix'onra^'e  all  others,  wlio^e  pro\ident  for\\arduess 
ii.iporlnniiii;  a  yood  success,  niii^lii  make  their  base  slnififishness  for 
abandimini;'  the  bciiiiininii' of  a  L;iiod  work  to  lie  liie  more  condemned.'' 


*  I'',il\vMrii  llMilcy. 

i   (  nluT  notes  ,i|).  Ibik, 

J  'riii>  exIriK't  «:is  tirst  tiiililislicil  in  iliis,  the  scconii  cilition.  of  tlic  '  I'il- 
ffriniaiic  ";  al^o  in  the  lliird  cdilKin,  li'd",  ami  in  llie  I'oinii,  Iti-jr,.  A  copy  of 
this  iiisl  eilition  ii.-iialiy  aicoiii|i;iiiie>  tiie  lour  volnines  ot  I'lnchio's  "'i'llnrins," 
London,  liii'."),  anoihor  work,  and  i>  connnonlv  ciicj  as  vol.  v,  of  that  Ijdoi:. — 
B.  V.  I). 

<i  \u  piintini,;'  llii-;  extract  from  Sir  William  Ali'xandir,  we  would  remark, 
that  the  |>lira-e  "  indaiiiii'red  liy  llie  law,"  iiiij^hl  nlir  lo  jioor  (h)ilors,  and  does 
not  ne((>>arily  iin|ily  that  the  Siijiadahoc  eolonisls,  or  any  part  of  them,  wiTe 
criminals.  We  liiive  seen  no  e\  idence  that  llu'V  liore  that  iharaetcr,  and  no 
laws  existed  at  thai  time  anlhori/in^  the  transporlaiiun  of  uriuiinals  to  N'irginia. 
—  15.  1'.  1). 


./^ 


